Unseen crisis: the unexpected face of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis.

Abstract

Acute necrotising pancreatitis can lead to severe vascular complications, including venous thrombosis, pseudoaneurysm, and haemorrhage. Acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis, though rare, is life-threatening. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan is the preferred diagnostic tool, with image-guided embolisation as the primary treatment for bleeding vessels. Surgery may be necessary when radiological methods fail. A 39-year-old male with recurrent abdominal pain, distension, and weight loss was initially misdiagnosed with intra-abdominal malignancy based on CT findings of omental deposits. Elevated amylase levels and haemorrhagic ascetic fluid prompted further investigations. A rapid haemoglobin drop and clinical deterioration led to diagnostic laparoscopy, confirming acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of this condition, which may present subtly and evade standard imaging, resulting in delayed treatment. Clinicians should suspect haemorrhagic pancreatitis in patients with acute abdominal pain, elevated amylase or lipase, and ascites. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for better outcomes.