Influence of Feeding Pattern on Infant Growth: A Longitudinal Study with Gut Microbiome Insights.

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI:10.1007/s13312-025-00194-3

Vidya Rajesh, Asha Hegde, Mamatha Ballal, Ankur Mutreja, Meenakshi Garg, Vijay Kumar, Asha Kamath, Karthick Vasudevan, Saahithya Mahesh, Vignesh Shetty

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding in the study population. To determine the effect of various infant feeding patterns on anthropometric measurements, incidence of infectious diseases, antibiotic exposure and developmental milestones in infancy. The study also assessed the overall gut microbial abundance, alpha and beta diversity, by preliminary gut microbiome analysis.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted by collecting feeding pattern data from mothers of healthy newborns (n = 374) who were assessed at birth, 1.5, 3.5, 6, 9 and 12 months. The gut microbiome analysis was done using stool samples collected at birth, 1.5, 3.5 and 9 months.

Results: Weight-for-height Z-scores indicated a higher prevalence of overweight in 'mixed milk feeding' and 'mixed complementary feeding' at 6 months (P = 0.907) with a significant association at 12 months (P = 0.019). A significant association was seen between 'mixed complementary feeding' and episodes of antibiotic exposure at 6 months (P = 0.007) and 12 months (P = 0.002), and episodes of fever (P = 0.009), cold (P = 0.007) and diarrhea (P = 0.024) after 9 months of age. Predominant phyla observed in the gut microbiome were Firmicutes; genera Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus were in abundance with increasing age.

Conclusions: Breastfeeding promotes beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiome with microbial diversity increasing during complementary feeding. Home-based complementary feeding contributes to improved nutritional status and reduced infectious diseases.

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喂养方式对婴儿生长的影响：肠道微生物组的纵向研究。

目的：确定研究人群中纯母乳喂养的比例。确定各种婴儿喂养方式对人体测量、传染病发病率、抗生素暴露和婴儿发育里程碑的影响。该研究还通过初步的肠道微生物组分析评估了总体肠道微生物丰度、α和β多样性。方法：通过收集健康新生儿母亲（n = 374）在出生、1.5、3.5、6、9和12个月时的喂养方式数据进行前瞻性队列研究。肠道微生物组分析使用出生时、1.5个月、3.5个月和9个月时收集的粪便样本进行。结果：体重身高比值z分数表明，6个月时“混合奶喂养”和“混合辅食喂养”的超重发生率较高（P = 0.907）， 12个月时显著相关（P = 0.019）。“混合补充喂养”与6个月大（P = 0.007）和12个月大（P = 0.002）时抗生素暴露发作，以及9个月大后发烧（P = 0.009）、感冒（P = 0.007）和腹泻（P = 0.024）发作之间存在显著关联。在肠道微生物群中观察到的优势门是厚壁菌门；双歧杆菌属和链球菌属随着年龄的增长而丰富。结论：母乳喂养促进肠道微生物群中的有益菌，并在补充喂养期间增加微生物多样性。以家庭为基础的补充喂养有助于改善营养状况和减少传染病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Indian pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

8.70%

发文量

344

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The general objective of Indian Pediatrics is "To promote the science and practice of Pediatrics." An important guiding principle has been the simultaneous need to inform, educate and entertain the target audience. The specific key objectives are: -To publish original, relevant, well researched peer reviewed articles on issues related to child health. -To provide continuing education to support informed clinical decisions and research. -To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect child health, including non-clinical areas such as medical education, ethics, law, environment and economics. -To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible and enjoyable to read.