Pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation: clinical applications and research advances.

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, associated with increased risks of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. With the advancement of catheter ablation technology, pulsed field ablation (PFA), a novel nonthermal ablation modality, has garnered growing attention due to its myocardial selectivity and favorable safety profile. This review systematically summarizes the biophysical principles, clinical advantages, catheter systems, special population applications, limitations, and future directions of PFA based on the latest evidence.