Transcriptomic Analysis and Comparative Analysis of Gene Families Related to Environmental Adaptation in Two Grylloblattodea Species: Galloisiana sinensis and Grylloprimevala jilina
{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis and Comparative Analysis of Gene Families Related to Environmental Adaptation in Two Grylloblattodea Species: Galloisiana sinensis and Grylloprimevala jilina","authors":"Yanhan Zhou, Kaipeng Zhang, Luyao Yu, Yuxin Zhou, Yuetong Xiao, Lin Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhu, Taoqi Wang, Qi Chen, Bingzhong Ren","doi":"10.1002/ece3.72260","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Notoptera, as a unique ancient insect lineage, elucidates the linkage between insect biodiversity and geological history. Members of this order are recognized as National First-Class Protected Animals in China. Comparing environmental adaptation (traits evolved for survival/reproduction in a specific environment) genes in <i>Galloisiana sinensis</i> and <i>Grylloprimevala jilina</i>, closely related species with distinct habitats, elucidates Notoptera evolution. Our study identified chemosensory genes, temperature adaptation-related genes, vision-related genes, and winged morph differentiation-related genes in <i>G. sinensis</i> and compared them with those in <i>G. jilina</i>. Both species exhibit gene loss, possibly owing to winglessness. <i>G. sinensis</i> has fewer odorant receptors, odorant-binding proteins, and chemosensory proteins but more gustatory receptors, ionotropic receptors, and sensory neuron membrane proteins, reflecting habitat-specific adaptations. Compared with <i>G. jilina</i>, <i>G. sinensis</i> also exhibits more vision-related genes and an enhanced photosensitive system. <i>G. sinensis</i> has fewer heat shock proteins and transient receptor potential proteins but more DnaJ molecular chaperones (DnaJ proteins), suggesting improved molecular chaperone function for broader temperature tolerance. Despite wing loss, <i>Wnt6</i>, <i>Wnt7b</i>, and <i>Wnt16</i> gene remnants remain, with <i>G. sinensis</i> having fewer of these, indicating advanced wing regression. This work reveals the genetic basis of adaptation and evolution, providing key insights into Notoptera's evolutionary trajectory.</p>","PeriodicalId":11467,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Evolution","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12502051/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ecology and Evolution","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.72260","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Notoptera, as a unique ancient insect lineage, elucidates the linkage between insect biodiversity and geological history. Members of this order are recognized as National First-Class Protected Animals in China. Comparing environmental adaptation (traits evolved for survival/reproduction in a specific environment) genes in Galloisiana sinensis and Grylloprimevala jilina, closely related species with distinct habitats, elucidates Notoptera evolution. Our study identified chemosensory genes, temperature adaptation-related genes, vision-related genes, and winged morph differentiation-related genes in G. sinensis and compared them with those in G. jilina. Both species exhibit gene loss, possibly owing to winglessness. G. sinensis has fewer odorant receptors, odorant-binding proteins, and chemosensory proteins but more gustatory receptors, ionotropic receptors, and sensory neuron membrane proteins, reflecting habitat-specific adaptations. Compared with G. jilina, G. sinensis also exhibits more vision-related genes and an enhanced photosensitive system. G. sinensis has fewer heat shock proteins and transient receptor potential proteins but more DnaJ molecular chaperones (DnaJ proteins), suggesting improved molecular chaperone function for broader temperature tolerance. Despite wing loss, Wnt6, Wnt7b, and Wnt16 gene remnants remain, with G. sinensis having fewer of these, indicating advanced wing regression. This work reveals the genetic basis of adaptation and evolution, providing key insights into Notoptera's evolutionary trajectory.
期刊介绍：
Ecology and Evolution is the peer reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of ecology, evolution and conservation science. The journal gives priority to quality research reports, theoretical or empirical, that develop our understanding of organisms and their diversity, interactions between them, and the natural environment.
Ecology and Evolution gives prompt and equal consideration to papers reporting theoretical, experimental, applied and descriptive work in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The journal will consider submissions across taxa in areas including but not limited to micro and macro ecological and evolutionary processes, characteristics of and interactions between individuals, populations, communities and the environment, physiological responses to environmental change, population genetics and phylogenetics, relatedness and kin selection, life histories, systematics and taxonomy, conservation genetics, extinction, speciation, adaption, behaviour, biodiversity, species abundance, macroecology, population and ecosystem dynamics, and conservation policy.
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