PD-L1 has a stronger effect on increasing headache risk than PD-1: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 6 2区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Cell International Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI:10.1186/s12935-025-03911-x

Yuan Tian, Zixuan Feng, Feng Feng, Meng Fan, Yu Hu, Zhuoqi Li, Yuanyuan Wang, Kai Zhang, Qi Dang

{"title":"PD-L1 has a stronger effect on increasing headache risk than PD-1: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yuan Tian, Zixuan Feng, Feng Feng, Meng Fan, Yu Hu, Zhuoqi Li, Yuanyuan Wang, Kai Zhang, Qi Dang","doi":"10.1186/s12935-025-03911-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the risk of headaches caused by programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors.Method: Relevant clinical trials were screened using PubMed. The risk of headache associated with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors was calculated using the mirror principle and PRISMA guidelines.Results: A total of 33 clinical trials were screened for this comprehensive meta-analysis, yielding nine mirror-pairing groups. The risk of headache with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors was significantly higher than that with placebo (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: [1.06, 2.06], Z = 2.33, P = 0.02) and similar to that with chemotherapy drugs (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: [0.84, 1.34], Z = 0.49, P = 0.62). When PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors are combined with other immune-related drugs, the risk of headaches increases to varying degrees. However, when combined with chemotherapy, this risk did not increase significantly (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: [0.78, 1.32], Z = 0.11, P = 0.91). Compared with PD-1, PD-L1 inhibitors were associated with a higher headache risk (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: [0.64, 2.12], Z = 1.51, P = 0.13).Conclusion: PD-L1 has a stronger effect on increasing headache risk than PD-1. Similar to the comparison of PD-1 or PD-L1 versus chemotherapy, PD-1 or PD-L1 plus chemotherapy did not significantly increase headache risk.","PeriodicalId":9385,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Cell International","volume":"25 1","pages":"341"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12506019/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cancer Cell International","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-025-03911-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the risk of headaches caused by programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors.

Method: Relevant clinical trials were screened using PubMed. The risk of headache associated with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors was calculated using the mirror principle and PRISMA guidelines.

Results: A total of 33 clinical trials were screened for this comprehensive meta-analysis, yielding nine mirror-pairing groups. The risk of headache with PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors was significantly higher than that with placebo (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: [1.06, 2.06], Z = 2.33, P = 0.02) and similar to that with chemotherapy drugs (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: [0.84, 1.34], Z = 0.49, P = 0.62). When PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors are combined with other immune-related drugs, the risk of headaches increases to varying degrees. However, when combined with chemotherapy, this risk did not increase significantly (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: [0.78, 1.32], Z = 0.11, P = 0.91). Compared with PD-1, PD-L1 inhibitors were associated with a higher headache risk (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: [0.64, 2.12], Z = 1.51, P = 0.13).

Conclusion: PD-L1 has a stronger effect on increasing headache risk than PD-1. Similar to the comparison of PD-1 or PD-L1 versus chemotherapy, PD-1 or PD-L1 plus chemotherapy did not significantly increase headache risk.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

PD-L1比PD-1对增加头痛风险的影响更大：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

目的：本荟萃分析旨在阐明程序性细胞死亡1 （PD-1）和程序性细胞死亡配体1 （PD-L1）抑制剂引起头痛的风险。方法：通过PubMed对相关临床试验进行筛选。使用镜像原理和PRISMA指南计算与PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂相关的头痛风险。结果：这项综合荟萃分析共筛选了33项临床试验，产生了9个镜像配对组。PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂组头痛风险显著高于安慰剂组（or = 1.48, 95% CI: [1.06, 2.06], Z = 2.33, P = 0.02），与化疗药物组相似（or = 1.06, 95% CI: [0.84, 1.34], Z = 0.49, P = 0.62）。当PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂与其他免疫相关药物联合使用时，头痛的风险会不同程度地增加。然而，当联合化疗时，这种风险没有显著增加（OR = 1.02, 95% CI: [0.78, 1.32], Z = 0.11, P = 0.91）。与PD-1相比，PD-L1抑制剂与更高的头痛风险相关（OR = 1.39, 95% CI: [0.64, 2.12], Z = 1.51, P = 0.13）。结论：PD-L1对头痛风险的增加作用强于PD-1。与PD-1或PD-L1与化疗的比较类似，PD-1或PD-L1加化疗不会显著增加头痛风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Cancer Cell International ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

1.70%

发文量

360

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Cancer Cell International publishes articles on all aspects of cancer cell biology, originating largely from, but not limited to, work using cell culture techniques. The journal focuses on novel cancer studies reporting data from biological experiments performed on cells grown in vitro, in two- or three-dimensional systems, and/or in vivo (animal experiments). These types of experiments have provided crucial data in many fields, from cell proliferation and transformation, to epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, to apoptosis, and host immune response to tumors. Cancer Cell International also considers articles that focus on novel technologies or novel pathways in molecular analysis and on epidemiological studies that may affect patient care, as well as articles reporting translational cancer research studies where in vitro discoveries are bridged to the clinic. As such, the journal is interested in laboratory and animal studies reporting on novel biomarkers of tumor progression and response to therapy and on their applicability to human cancers.