Evidence for health promotion interventions to improve cognitive and physical functioning outcomes in older adults with MCI: A state-of-the-art review.

IF 3.8
Tasmin Alanna Rookes, Rachael Frost, Louise Marston, Megan Armstrong, Yolanda Barrado-Martin, Kate Walters
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Abstract

Background: Health promotion activities for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may improve their overall health and prevent progression to dementia. We need to understand the best approaches to behaviour change in this population.

Aim: To summarise the types of health promotion interventions and current clinical effectiveness evidence for physical and cognitive functioning outcomes in people with MCI.

Design: State-of-the art review METHOD: Medline was searched in April 2025, for systematic reviews synthesising randomised controlled trials testing effectiveness of health promotion interventions in older adults with MCI, published since 2015. Abstracts, titles, and full texts were single screened and, for eligible reviews, the characteristics, intervention type, primary outcome, and evidence for people with MCI, were extracted. Key messages were narratively synthesised across reviews, grouping by type of intervention and outcome measure.

Results: From 1776 titles and abstracts, 57 systematic reviews were eligible. Regular moderate intensity multicomponent physical exercise and memory-focussed cognitive training interventions had the strongest evidence base for improving cognitive functioning. However, combining physical exercise and cognitive training was more beneficial for cognitive domains and physical functioning, in comparison to doing them individually. The evidence for nutrition interventions was mixed. One review of psychological interventions showed improvements for wellbeing.

Conclusion: There is evidence that health promotion interventions can support people with MCI and dementia to improve or maintain their cognitive function, through multicomponent physical activity combined with cognitive training. More evidence is needed for nutritional recommendations, psychological interventions, and social inclusion interventions.

健康促进干预改善老年轻度认知损伤患者认知和身体功能结局的证据:一项最新综述
背景:轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者的健康促进活动可以改善他们的整体健康状况并预防痴呆症的发展。我们需要了解改变这一人群行为的最佳方法。目的:总结MCI患者身体和认知功能结局的健康促进干预类型和当前临床有效性证据。方法:于2025年4月检索Medline,检索自2015年以来发表的综合随机对照试验的系统综述,这些试验测试了老年轻度认知障碍患者健康促进干预措施的有效性。摘要、标题和全文是单筛选的,对于符合条件的综述,提取了MCI患者的特征、干预类型、主要结局和证据。关键信息通过综述进行叙述性综合,按干预类型和结果测量分组。结果:从1776篇题目和摘要中,有57篇系统评价符合条件。有规律的中等强度多成分体育锻炼和以记忆为重点的认知训练干预对改善认知功能有最有力的证据基础。然而,与单独进行相比,体育锻炼和认知训练相结合对认知领域和身体功能更有益。营养干预的证据好坏参半。一项关于心理干预的综述显示,人们的幸福感得到了改善。结论:有证据表明,健康促进干预可以通过多组分体育活动结合认知训练,支持MCI和痴呆患者改善或维持其认知功能。需要更多的证据来支持营养建议、心理干预和社会包容干预。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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