Cellular Therapies in Transplantation - Regulatory T Cell Therapies and Virus Specific Therapies.

IF 1.6 Q2 SURGERY

Current Transplantation Reports Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI:10.1007/s40472-025-00489-1

Zein Alabdin Hannouneh, Massini Merzkani, Chyi-Song Hsieh, Naoka Murakami

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Cellular therapies have shown great promise in enhancing immune tolerance and managing opportunistic infections in transplant recipients. This review explores the latest advancements in regulatory T cell (Treg) and virus-specific T cell (VST) therapies in solid organ transplantation.

Recent findings: Treg-based therapies, including polyclonal Tregs, donor antigen-reactive Tregs (darTregs), and chimeric antigen receptor Tregs (CAR-Tregs) are being studied to minimize conventional, systemic immunosuppression while preventing graft rejection. Clinical trials demonstrated the safety and feasibility of ex vivo-expanded Tregs in kidney and liver transplantation, supporting reduced rejection rates and lower infection risks. The clinical applicability of CAR-T cell therapies extends to autoimmune diseases. Additionally, VSTs targeting BK virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and adenovirus offer a novel approach for refractory viral infections in transplant recipients. Advances in third-party, "off-the-shelf" and multi-VSTs allow faster availability and standardized, scalable manufacturing compared to conventional VSTs.

Summary: By reducing dependence on conventional immunosuppression, cellular therapies provide a promising approach in transplantation. To establish their role in clinical transplantation, further research is needed to optimize dosing and manufacture, improve antigen specificity, and address long-term safety concerns.

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移植中的细胞疗法-调节性T细胞疗法和病毒特异性疗法。

综述目的：细胞疗法在增强移植受者的免疫耐受和控制机会性感染方面显示出巨大的希望。本文综述了调节性T细胞（Treg）和病毒特异性T细胞（VST）治疗在实体器官移植中的最新进展。最近的发现：基于treg的治疗，包括多克隆treg、供体抗原反应性treg （darTregs）和嵌合抗原受体Tregs （CAR-Tregs）正在研究中，以最大限度地减少常规的全身免疫抑制，同时防止移植排斥。临床试验证明体外扩增Tregs在肾和肝移植中的安全性和可行性，支持降低排异率和降低感染风险。CAR-T细胞疗法的临床适用性扩展到自身免疫性疾病。此外，靶向BK病毒、巨细胞病毒、eb病毒和腺病毒的VSTs为移植受者难治性病毒感染提供了一种新的方法。与传统的vst相比，第三方、“现成”和多vst的进步允许更快的可用性和标准化、可扩展的制造。摘要：通过减少对常规免疫抑制的依赖，细胞疗法为移植提供了一种很有前景的方法。为了确定它们在临床移植中的作用，需要进一步的研究来优化剂量和制造，提高抗原特异性，并解决长期的安全性问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Transplantation Reports Medicine-Surgery

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

4.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Under the guidance of Dr. Dorry Segev, from Johns Hopkins, Current Transplantation Reports will provide an in-depth review of topics covering kidney, liver, and pancreatic transplantation in addition to immunology and composite allografts.We accomplish this aim by inviting international authorities to contribute review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. By providing clear, insightful balanced contributions, the journal intends to serve those involved in the field of transplantation.