Dermatologic Implications of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Medications.

Abstract

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are an innovative class of medications primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes and obesity. These agents not only improve glycemic control but also promote significant weight loss and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Summary: GLP-1RAs are associated with various dermatologic effects, including injection-site reactions and immune-mediated responses such as hypersensitivity, urticaria, and bullous pemphigoid. "Ozempic face," a term describing facial fat loss, has gained media attention due to its cosmetic implications. Additionally, hair loss, particularly in the form of telogen effluvium, has been observed, potentially linked to rapid weight loss from GLP-1RA use. Emerging evidence also highlights the therapeutic potential of GLP-1RAs in enhancing wound healing and treating inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis.

Key messages: With the increasing use of GLP-1RAs for weight management, clinicians should remain alert to dermatologic side effects and consider appropriate dermatologic consultations when needed. Further research is essential to optimize the safe and effective use of GLP-1RAs, ensuring therapeutic benefits are maximized while minimizing adverse dermatologic outcomes.