Enterobacteriaceae in unpackaged ice cream: Implications for microbial safety and methodological concordance between ISO and TEMPO®

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of microbiological methods Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2025.107287

Adem Soycan, Mustafa Bilgin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ice cream, a widely consumed dairy product, especially during summer, can pose serious microbiological risks when produced and sold under unhygienic conditions. This study evaluated the microbiological quality of unpackaged plain ice creams sold in the Kocaeli region of Türkiye between April and September 2024, focusing on Enterobacteriaceae contamination and comparing two enumeration methods: the ISO 21528-2 standard and the TEMPO® system. A total of 118 samples were analyzed. Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 41.5 % of samples, with mean counts around 2.3 log CFU/g by both methods. No statistically significant difference was observed between methods (p > 0.05), confirming the TEMPO® system as a rapid, reliable, and ISO-compliant alternative for routine monitoring. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 4.2 % of samples, with a mean count of 2.67 ± 0.15 log CFU/g, while Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were not detected, suggesting effective pathogen control likely due to pasteurization and hygiene measures. The high prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae indicates lapses in hygiene during production and vending, posing a risk to public health. This is the first study in Türkiye to validate the TEMPO® EB system against ISO 21528-2 in unpackaged ice cream, demonstrating both excellent concordance and operational advantages. These findings underscore the critical need for stringent hygiene practices, cold chain maintenance, and HACCP implementation in street-vended ice cream production to ensure consumer safety.

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未包装冰淇淋中的肠杆菌科：ISO和TEMPO®之间的微生物安全性和方法学一致性的含义。

冰淇淋是一种广泛消费的乳制品，尤其是在夏季，在不卫生的条件下生产和销售可能会造成严重的微生物风险。本研究评估了2024年4月至9月期间在 rkiye Kocaeli地区销售的未包装原味冰淇淋的微生物质量，重点关注肠杆菌科污染，并比较了ISO 21528-2标准和TEMPO®系统两种枚举方法。共分析了118份样本。在41.5 %的样品中检出肠杆菌科，两种方法的平均计数均在2.3 log CFU/g左右。两种方法间无统计学差异（p > 0.05），证实TEMPO®系统是一种快速、可靠且符合iso标准的常规监测替代方案。金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为4.2 %，平均2.67 ± 0.15 log CFU/g，未检出沙门氏菌和单核增生李斯特菌，说明巴氏消毒和卫生措施可能有效控制了病原菌。肠杆菌科的高流行率表明，在生产和销售过程中存在卫生问题，对公众健康构成风险。这是在 rkiye中验证TEMPO®EB系统在未包装冰淇淋中的ISO 21528-2的第一个研究，证明了出色的一致性和操作优势。这些发现强调了严格的卫生习惯、冷链维护和街头冰淇淋生产中HACCP实施的迫切需要，以确保消费者的安全。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of microbiological methods 生物-生化研究方法

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.50%

发文量

151

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Microbiological Methods publishes scholarly and original articles, notes and review articles. These articles must include novel and/or state-of-the-art methods, or significant improvements to existing methods. Novel and innovative applications of current methods that are validated and useful will also be published. JMM strives for scholarship, innovation and excellence. This demands scientific rigour, the best available methods and technologies, correctly replicated experiments/tests, the inclusion of proper controls, calibrations, and the correct statistical analysis. The presentation of the data must support the interpretation of the method/approach. All aspects of microbiology are covered, except virology. These include agricultural microbiology, applied and environmental microbiology, bioassays, bioinformatics, biotechnology, biochemical microbiology, clinical microbiology, diagnostics, food monitoring and quality control microbiology, microbial genetics and genomics, geomicrobiology, microbiome methods regardless of habitat, high through-put sequencing methods and analysis, microbial pathogenesis and host responses, metabolomics, metagenomics, metaproteomics, microbial ecology and diversity, microbial physiology, microbial ultra-structure, microscopic and imaging methods, molecular microbiology, mycology, novel mathematical microbiology and modelling, parasitology, plant-microbe interactions, protein markers/profiles, proteomics, pyrosequencing, public health microbiology, radioisotopes applied to microbiology, robotics applied to microbiological methods,rumen microbiology, microbiological methods for space missions and extreme environments, sampling methods and samplers, soil and sediment microbiology, transcriptomics, veterinary microbiology, sero-diagnostics and typing/identification.