Effects of a 24-week multicomponent training program on functional capacity, persistent symptoms, body composition, and physical activity in patients significantly affected by COVID-19: the COVID-19 and REhabilitation study (CORE-study)-randomized clinical trial.

IF 2.6 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living Pub Date : 2025-09-22 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fspor.2025.1549132

Angelica Danielevicz, Mabel Diesel, Carla Elane Silva Dos Santos, Maria Eduarda de Moraes Sirydakis, Paulo Urubatan Gama de Melo, Marina Isolde Constantini, Fernanda Hansen, Aline Mendes Gerage, Cintia de la Rocha Freitas, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Fernanda Rodrigues Fonseca, Rosemeri Maurici, Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti

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Abstract

Background: COVID-19 can lead to reduced functional capacity, loss of muscle mass, and lasting and persistent symptoms, resulting in reduced physical activity.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a multicomponent training on functional capacity, persistent symptoms, body composition, pulmonary function, and physical activity levels in patients significantly impaired by SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: The participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to either the intervention group (IG), which received multicomponent training (balance/aerobic/resistance), or the control group (CG). Functional capacity [6 min walk test (6MWT)-primary outcome, sit and reach, sit-to-stand, timed up and go], persistent symptoms (dyspnea, fatigue, post-COVID functional status, frailty), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance), pulmonary function, and physical activity levels (accelerometry) were evaluated at baseline and after 24 weeks. Generalized estimating equations were used, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. Outcomes were analyzed by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) approaches. Effect sizes were calculated from the mean difference between groups of changes between pre- and post-intervention.

Results: Forty participants [age = 52.00 (12.93) years, 19 women] were included. The primary outcome 6MWT showed improvement in both groups in the ITT analysis (IG: 35.5 m, 95% CI: -3.0 to 74.1; CG: 37.4 m, 95% CI: -5.26 to 80.2) and in the IG (87.6 m, 95% CI: 50.6-124.4) in the PP analysis. The IG showed a reduction in mental fatigue (-1.7 points, 95% CI: -0.5 to 3.5) and general fatigue (-6.5 points, 95% CI: -9.4 to -3.5) in our ITT analysis. The IG also revealed improvement in timed up and go test (-1.6 s, 95% CI: -2.6 to -0.6), mental fatigue (-2.0points, 95% CI: -3.6 to 0.7), general fatigue (-6.4points, 95% CI: -11.0 to -1.6), and a protective effect against increased body fat in PP analysis.

Conclusion: This program was effective in improving fatigue in patients previously significantly affected by COVID-19.

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24周多组分训练计划对受COVID-19显著影响患者的功能能力、持续症状、身体成分和身体活动的影响：COVID-19和康复研究(CORE-study)-随机临床试验

背景：COVID-19可导致功能能力下降、肌肉量减少以及持续和持续的症状，导致身体活动减少。目的：评价多组分训练对SARS-CoV-2明显受损患者的功能能力、持续症状、身体成分、肺功能和体力活动水平的影响。方法：参与者被随机（1:1）分配到接受多组分训练（平衡/有氧/阻力）的干预组（IG）和对照组（CG）。在基线和24周后评估功能能力[6分钟步行试验(6MWT)-主要结果，坐和到达，坐到站立，计时起来和走]，持续症状（呼吸困难，疲劳，covid后功能状态，虚弱），身体成分（双能x线吸收仪和生物阻抗），肺功能和身体活动水平（加速度计）。采用广义估计方程，显著性水平设为α = 0.05。通过意向治疗（ITT）和每个方案（PP）方法分析结果。效应量由干预前和干预后组间变化的平均差异计算。结果：纳入40例受试者[年龄= 52.00（12.93）岁，女性19例]。主要结局6MWT在ITT分析中（IG: 35.5 m, 95% CI: -3.0 ~ 74.1; CG: 37.4 m, 95% CI: -5.26 ~ 80.2）和PP分析中IG （87.6 m, 95% CI: 50.6 ~ 124.4）两组均有改善。在我们的ITT分析中，IG显示精神疲劳（-1.7分，95% CI: -0.5至3.5）和一般疲劳（-6.5分，95% CI: -9.4至-3.5）的减少。在PP分析中，IG还显示了对时间up和go测试（-1.6 s, 95% CI: -2.6至-0.6），精神疲劳（-2.0点，95% CI: -3.6至0.7），一般疲劳（-6.4点，95% CI: -11.0至-1.6）的改善，以及对体脂增加的保护作用。结论：该方案可有效改善既往明显感染COVID-19患者的疲劳感。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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