Internet Gaming Disorder: Prevalence and associated factors among university students.

Abstract

Purpose: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a behavioral condition marked by excessive and compulsive gaming that disrupts personal, academic, and social life. University students are particularly susceptible to IGD due to their developmental stage, academic demands, and heavy reliance on technology. This study examines the prevalence and effects of IGD among university students and analyzes its impact on mental health, academic performance, and social relationships. Understanding this phenomenon is of paramount importance for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies that support the well-being and success of students in higher education.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence and effects of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) among university students, analyzing its impact on mental health, academic performance, and social relationships. A total of 1040 participants from both public and private universities were surveyed using the local version of the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire (POGQ) instrument. A descriptive-correlation methodology was employed to explore the associations between IGD and various social, lifestyle, demographic, and academic factors.

Results: Significant differences were observed, with various factors associated with higher POGD scores, including male gender (p<0.001), urban residence (p=0.003), a father who plays electronic games (p=0.003), father's level of education (p=0.001), type of sport played (p<0.001), religious commitment (p=0.002), money spent on electronic gaming (p<0.001), weaker relationships with extended family (p=0.002), reduced involvement in social events (p<0.001), family problems (p<0.001), gaming in dedicated cafes (p<0.001), and smoking tobacco products (p<0.001). Furthermore, several mental and physical health problems were positively associated with higher POGD scores, including poor sleep quality (p<0.001), musculoskeletal pain (affecting the back, neck, and hands) (p<0.001), emotional detachment (p<0.001), difficulty with temper control (p<0.001), and red or dry eyes (p<0.001).

Conclusion: This study reveals that Internet Gaming Disorder among university students is not only prevalent but also closely linked to social, demographic, and lifestyle factors, as well as significant mental and physical health challenges. These findings highlight the urgent need to address IGD through targeted interventions that promote mental health awareness, responsible gaming habits, and stronger social and family connections. Universities should play an active role by offering counseling services, educational programs, and opportunities for students to engage in healthier recreational activities. Policymakers and educators must collaborate to develop comprehensive strategies to mitigate the negative effects of IGD.