Influence of grain types and graphene nanopowder characteristics on insecticidal efficacy against common grain insects.

IF 4.5 0 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Evagelia Lampiri, Pei Lay Yap, Christos G Athanassiou, Dusan Losic
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Abstract

The increasing resistance of insects to chemical-based pesticides is a critical challenge in crop production, demanding the urgent development of sustainable and effective pest control alternatives. In response, this study presents the insecticidal potential of graphene materials in the form of nanopowders as new chemical and resistance free grain protectants. The influence of the grain types such as rice, maize, and wheat and graphene nanopowder characteristics on insectidicial efficacy against common grain insects was evaluated against three most destructive grain insects including: the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera; Curculionidae), the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera; Curculionidae), and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae). Three industrially produced graphene nanopowders with distinct physicochemical properties (particle size, surface chemistry, hydrophobicity) were used at two dosage rates (500 and 1000 ppm). Mortality of insects was assessed after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure, and progeny production was evaluated after 65 days. The results indicated that S. oryzae exhibited the highest susceptibility among the tested species, with rice grains experiencing the most significant insect mortality across all graphene concentrations (500 and 1000 ppm). Significant reductions in progeny with minor produced insects were observed, especially in maize, highlighting the long-term protective effects of graphene nanopowders. The insectidicial mode of action is attributed to a physical mechanism involving the adhesion of graphene particles to insect bodies, obstructing respiration and disrupting the cuticle. These findings suggest that graphene nanopowders, due to their unique structural, chemical and interfacial properties, have a strong potential to be used as new grain protectants, providing unique physical mode of action.

颗粒类型和石墨烯纳米粉特性对常见谷物害虫杀虫效果的影响。
昆虫对化学农药的抗性日益增强是作物生产面临的严峻挑战,迫切需要开发可持续和有效的害虫防治替代品。因此,本研究提出了纳米粉末形式的石墨烯材料作为新型化学和无抗性谷物保护剂的杀虫潜力。研究了水稻、玉米、小麦等粮食类型和石墨烯纳米粉特性对常见粮食害虫的杀虫效果的影响,并对3种最具破坏性的粮食害虫进行了评价:稻象甲、稻谷象鼻虫和稻谷象虫。玉米象鼻虫(鞘翅目;步甲科)、玉米象甲(鞘翅目;步甲科)和红粉甲虫(鞘翅目;步甲科)。在两种剂量率(500和1000 ppm)下,使用了三种工业生产的具有不同物理化学性质(粒径、表面化学、疏水性)的石墨烯纳米粉末。暴露7、14、21 d后测定昆虫死亡率,65 d后测定昆虫产卵量。结果表明,在所有受测物种中,稻谷链球菌对石墨烯的敏感性最高,在所有石墨烯浓度(500和1000 ppm)下,稻谷的昆虫死亡率最高。研究人员观察到,微小昆虫的后代显著减少,特别是在玉米中,这突出了石墨烯纳米粉末的长期保护作用。昆虫的作用模式归因于石墨烯颗粒与昆虫身体的粘附,阻碍呼吸和破坏角质层的物理机制。这些发现表明,石墨烯纳米粉末由于其独特的结构、化学和界面性质,具有作为新型晶粒保护剂的强大潜力,提供了独特的物理作用模式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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