Wintering Barnacle Geese Exhibit an Increased Behavioural Drive for Sleep After Sleep Deprivation Without a Clear EEG-Based Sleep Rebound.

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Robin Pijnacker, Giancarlo Allocca, Alexei L Vyssotski, Peter Meerlo, Sjoerd J van Hasselt
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sleep is essential for normal physiological functioning, and sleep deprivation is typically compensated by increasing subsequent sleep duration and/or intensity. However, a recent study showed that barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) exhibit seasonal variation in sleep homeostasis, with full recovery of sleep after sleep deprivation in summer but no sleep rebound after similar deprivation in winter based on electroencephalography (EEG). This lack of sleep rebound could suggest that geese in winter do not build up sleep pressure during wakefulness or that accumulated sleep need is not reflected in EEG-based sleep measures. The current study investigated whether geese in winter accumulate sleep pressure during extended wakefulness, using behavioural activity and reactivity to stimulation as alternative indicators of sleep drive. If sleep deprivation increases sleep pressure, we expected geese to adopt more sleep postures and show elevated arousal thresholds in response to stimulation. Fifteen barnacle geese were implanted with epidural electrodes for EEG recordings and housed in a semi-natural enclosure during winter. We carefully observed and approached the geese at 10-min intervals during the night for 8-h following sunset. Although sleep was suppressed during this period, it did not lead to significant EEG changes and most of the lost sleep was not recovered. However, the behavioural observations revealed that geese exhibited increased sleep postures and diminished responsiveness to being approached. Our findings suggest that prolonged wakefulness in barnacle geese increases behavioural indicators of sleep pressure, also in winter, even though this rise in sleep drive is not clearly reflected in EEG-based sleep measures.

越冬藤壶鹅在睡眠剥夺后表现出增加的睡眠行为驱动,没有明显的基于脑电图的睡眠反弹。
睡眠对正常的生理功能至关重要,睡眠剥夺通常通过增加随后的睡眠时间和/或强度来补偿。然而,最近的一项研究表明,藤壶鹅(Branta leucopsis)的睡眠稳态表现出季节性变化,在夏季睡眠剥夺后睡眠完全恢复,而在冬季类似剥夺后睡眠没有反弹。这种睡眠反弹的缺乏可能表明,冬天的鹅在清醒时不会增加睡眠压力,或者累积的睡眠需求没有反映在基于脑电图的睡眠测量中。目前的研究调查了冬季鹅在长时间清醒时是否会积累睡眠压力,使用行为活动和对刺激的反应作为睡眠驱动的替代指标。如果睡眠剥夺增加了睡眠压力,我们预计鹅会采取更多的睡眠姿势,并在刺激下表现出更高的唤醒阈值。15只藤壶鹅被植入硬膜外电极用于脑电图记录,并在冬季被安置在半自然的围栏中。在日落后的8小时内,我们每隔10分钟仔细观察并接近鹅。虽然睡眠在此期间受到抑制,但并未导致显著的脑电图变化,大部分失去的睡眠没有恢复。然而,行为观察显示,鹅的睡眠姿势增加,对接近的反应减弱。我们的研究结果表明,藤壶鹅长时间的清醒会增加睡眠压力的行为指标,在冬季也是如此,尽管这种睡眠驱动的增加并没有明显反映在基于脑电图的睡眠测量中。
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来源期刊
Journal of Sleep Research
Journal of Sleep Research 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
6.80%
发文量
234
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sleep Research is dedicated to basic and clinical sleep research. The Journal publishes original research papers and invited reviews in all areas of sleep research (including biological rhythms). The Journal aims to promote the exchange of ideas between basic and clinical sleep researchers coming from a wide range of backgrounds and disciplines. The Journal will achieve this by publishing papers which use multidisciplinary and novel approaches to answer important questions about sleep, as well as its disorders and the treatment thereof.
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