Eco-Evolutionary Genomics Reveal Mountain Range-Specific Adaptation and Intraspecific Variation in Vulnerability to Climate Change of Alpine Endemics.

IF 3.9 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Ewelina Klichowska, Anna Wróbel, Arkadiusz Nowak, Marcin Nobis
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Alpine plants restricted to rocky habitats exhibit intraspecific diversification due to range fragmentation during Holocene warming, complicating predictions of their climate vulnerability. A lack of understanding of eco-evolutionary mechanisms driving their response to climate change results in ineffective conservation efforts. To uncover the genomic basis of their diversification and explain spatial patterns of their vulnerability, we combine landscape genomics and species distribution modelling. Our model, the Campanula lehmanniana complex, occurs in three distinct central Asian mountain ranges, considered both a biodiversity hotspot and a vascular plant diversity darkspot. Genome-environment association confirmed the adaptive basis of intraspecific diversification, driven by numerous loci of small effect. Genomic and ecological data indicate mountain range-specific climate sensitivity driven by altitude, temperature and precipitation. The cold-dry adapted group from Zeravshan-Hissar Mts will face niche decline but show a higher degree of preadaptation to future climate, while the temperate-humid group from Tian Shan shows an opposite response, with a higher risk of maladaptation despite predicted niche expansion. Maladapted populations at northern margins may require an influx of adaptive variation to cope with predicted changes. However, limited landscape connectivity between island-like habitats, combined with long migration distances required to minimise genotype-environment disruption, highlights the role of human-assisted migration in enabling evolutionary rescue. These results underscore the need to facilitate gene flow from pre- to maladapted populations and the importance of population-specific approaches to inform effective conservation strategies in heterogeneous mountain ecosystems. The results may be relevant to numerous Central Asian mountain species that show similar phylogeographic patterns.

生态进化基因组学揭示高山特有物种对气候变化的适应性和种内变异。
由于全新世变暖期间范围破碎,局限于岩石生境的高山植物表现出种内多样化,使其气候脆弱性的预测复杂化。缺乏对驱动它们对气候变化作出反应的生态进化机制的理解,导致保护工作无效。为了揭示其多样性的基因组基础和解释其脆弱性的空间格局,我们将景观基因组学和物种分布模型相结合。我们的模型,lehmanniana Campanula复合体,发生在中亚三个不同的山脉,被认为是生物多样性的热点和维管植物多样性的黑点。基因组与环境的关联证实了种内多样化的适应性基础,这种多样性是由大量影响较小的基因座驱动的。基因组和生态数据表明,山脉特有的气候敏感性受海拔、温度和降水的驱动。Zeravshan-Hissar Mts的冷干适应类群将面临生态位下降,但对未来气候表现出更高的预适应程度,而天山的温湿适应类群则表现出相反的反应,尽管预测生态位会扩大,但适应不良的风险更高。北部边缘不适应的种群可能需要适应性变异的涌入来应对预测的变化。然而,岛屿状栖息地之间有限的景观连通性,加上最大限度地减少基因型环境破坏所需的长距离迁徙,凸显了人类辅助迁徙在实现进化拯救中的作用。这些结果强调了促进基因从未适应的种群向不适应的种群流动的必要性,以及在异质山地生态系统中采用针对特定种群的方法为有效的保护策略提供信息的重要性。这一结果可能与许多具有相似系统地理格局的中亚山地物种有关。
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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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