Exploring Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Alkaline Fresh and Seawater Using Natural Ore Derived 2D Bi2S3

IF 12.1 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Small Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI:10.1002/smll.202509283

Shreyasi Chattopadhyay, Caique Campos de Oliveira, Rajarshi Bhar, Dhiman Banik, Tymofii S. Pieshkov, Anand B. Puthirath, Atin Pramanik, P R Sreeram, Sreehari K Saju, Gelu Costin, Robert Vajtai, Brajesh K Dubey, Krishanu Biswas, Pedro Alves da Silva Autreto, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary, Pulickel M. Ajayan

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Abstract

Water electrolysis for hydrogen, though widely studied, presents exciting opportunities for improvement beyond conventional energy and cost‐intensive catalysts. Natural ores, being abundant and readily available, hold immense promise as sustainable sources of alternative energy materials. Here, this method offers a simple and low‐cost route, not only to make 2D materials but also to develop electrocatalysts from earth‐abundant ores. Synthesis of 2D Bi2S3 is demonstrated via Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of the naturally abundant bismuthinite ore. Sustainability of such 2D Bi2S3 is explored for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from alkaline fresh and simulated seawater. The exfoliated Bi2S3 exhibits an overpotential of 693 and 678 mV at 10 mA cm‐2 in alkaline fresh and simulated seawater with a durability up to 40 h. From Density Functional Theory (DFT) based First‐principles calculations, sulfur sites are found to bind H‐intermediates strongly in comparison with bismuth sites. Sustainability is further investigated by life cycle calculation. A lower carbon footprint of the 2D Bi2S3 catalyst is observed under both alkaline fresh (21.13 kg CO2eq kg−1 H2) and simulated seawater (15.56 kg CO2eq kg−1 H2). This work extends a sustainable strategy to utilize earth‐abundant natural source for fabricating efficient and durable HER electrocatalysts for future fuel.

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探索利用天然矿石衍生的2D Bi2S3从碱性淡水和海水中可持续制氢

水电解制氢虽然被广泛研究，但它提供了超越传统能源和成本密集型催化剂的令人兴奋的改进机会。天然矿石储量丰富、易得，作为可替代能源材料的可持续来源，前景广阔。在这里，这种方法提供了一种简单而低成本的途径，不仅可以制造二维材料，还可以从地球上丰富的矿石中开发电催化剂。通过液相剥落（LPE）方法证明了二维Bi2S3的合成，并在碱性淡水和模拟海水中探索了二维Bi2S3的析氢反应（HER）的可持续性。在碱性新鲜海水和模拟海水中，脱落的Bi2S3在10 mA cm‐2下表现出693和678 mV的过电位，耐久时间长达40小时。基于密度泛函数理论（DFT）的第一原理计算发现，与铋位点相比，硫位点与氢中间体结合强烈。通过生命周期计算进一步研究了可持续性。在碱性新鲜（21.13 kg CO2eq kg - 1 H2）和模拟海水（15.56 kg CO2eq kg - 1 H2）条件下，2D Bi2S3催化剂的碳足迹均较低。这项工作扩展了利用地球丰富的自然资源为未来燃料制造高效耐用的HER电催化剂的可持续战略。

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来源期刊

Small 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

17.70

自引率

3.80%

发文量

1830

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： Small serves as an exceptional platform for both experimental and theoretical studies in fundamental and applied interdisciplinary research at the nano- and microscale. The journal offers a compelling mix of peer-reviewed Research Articles, Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments. With a remarkable 2022 Journal Impact Factor of 13.3 (Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics, 2023), Small remains among the top multidisciplinary journals, covering a wide range of topics at the interface of materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, medicine, and biology. Small's readership includes biochemists, biologists, biomedical scientists, chemists, engineers, information technologists, materials scientists, physicists, and theoreticians alike.