Subjective aging and cognitive aging across 15 years in middle-aged and older adults: Disentangling between-person and within-person associations.

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Developmental Psychology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI:10.1037/dev0002084

Markus Wettstein, Iris Blotenberg, Paolo Ghisletta, Ulman Lindenberger, Denis Gerstorf, Susanne Wurm

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Subjective aging predicts various developmental outcomes, including cognitive functioning. However, associations could be bidirectional. We focused on central dimensions of subjective aging (subjective age; self-perceptions of aging related to social losses, physical losses, and ongoing development) and investigated reciprocal longitudinal associations with perceptual-motor speed, both at the between-person level (i.e., Do individuals with more positive subjective aging trajectories exhibit better cognitive performance trajectories?) and within-person level (e.g., Is an individuals' cognitive performance poorer than their typical trajectory on measurement occasions when their subjective aging is less positive than their typical trajectory?). We used data from the German Ageing Survey (n = 15,898; aged 40-95 years; observation period: 2002-2017, up to five occasions; mean number of observations: 2.1; sample sizes between 2002 and 2017: 4,334; 7,668; 4,800; 9,703; 6,551). Using autoregressive latent trajectory models with structured residuals, we controlled for sociodemographic, social, and health-related factors. At the between-person level, higher levels of perceptions related to ongoing development and lower levels of perceptions related to physical and social loss were associated with higher levels of perceptual-motor speed. Linear decline in perceptual-motor speed was less steep for individuals with lower physical loss intercepts and higher ongoing development levels. While there were significant within-person synchronous associations between perceptual-motor speed and subjective aging, we found no reliable cross-lagged associations. All between-person and within-person associations of subjective age with perceptual-motor speed were not statistically significant. Our results imply that there are meaningful between-person and within-person associations between subjective aging and cognitive abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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主观老化和认知老化跨越15年的中老年人：人与人之间和人与人之间的联系。

主观衰老预示着各种发展结果，包括认知功能。然而，关联可能是双向的。我们关注主观衰老的中心维度(主观年龄；衰老的自我知觉与社会损失、身体损失和持续发展有关)，并在人际水平（即，主观衰老轨迹越积极的个体是否表现出更好的认知表现轨迹？）和人际水平(例如，当个体的主观老化程度低于其典型轨迹时，其认知表现是否低于其典型轨迹？)。我们使用的数据来自德国老龄化调查（n = 15,898；年龄在40-95岁之间；观察期：2002-2017，最多5次；平均观察次数：2.1；2002-2017年的样本量：4,334;7,668;4,800;9,703;6,551）。使用带有结构化残差的自回归潜在轨迹模型，我们控制了社会人口学、社会和健康相关因素。在人与人之间的水平上，与持续发展相关的较高水平的感知和与身体和社会损失相关的较低水平的感知与较高水平的感知运动速度相关。对于身体损失截距较低和持续发展水平较高的个体，感知运动速度的线性下降幅度较小。虽然知觉运动速度和主观衰老之间存在显著的人内同步关联，但我们发现没有可靠的交叉滞后关联。主观年龄与知觉运动速度之间的所有人与人之间的关联均无统计学意义。我们的研究结果表明，主观衰老与认知能力之间存在有意义的人与人之间和人与人之间的关联。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA，版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Developmental Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.50%

发文量

329

期刊介绍： Developmental Psychology ® publishes articles that significantly advance knowledge and theory about development across the life span. The journal focuses on seminal empirical contributions. The journal occasionally publishes exceptionally strong scholarly reviews and theoretical or methodological articles. Studies of any aspect of psychological development are appropriate, as are studies of the biological, social, and cultural factors that affect development. The journal welcomes not only laboratory-based experimental studies but studies employing other rigorous methodologies, such as ethnographies, field research, and secondary analyses of large data sets. We especially seek submissions in new areas of inquiry and submissions that will address contradictory findings or controversies in the field as well as the generalizability of extant findings in new populations. Although most articles in this journal address human development, studies of other species are appropriate if they have important implications for human development. Submissions can consist of single manuscripts, proposed sections, or short reports.