Exploring osteomicrobiology: A narrative review of the gut-bone axis in osteoporosis.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Hugo S Pereira, Muaz Rashid, Ahmad Alissa, Salman Keraidi, Nicolas Wipf, Aubrie M Sowa, Jake M McDonnell, Stacey Darwish, Joseph S Butler
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a chronic condition that presents with decreased bone mass and changes in bone microarchitecture, leading to an increased fracture risk. While the relationship between the gut microbiome and the immune system is well established, its impact on bone health remains underexplored. This narrative review aims to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota, bone health, and osteoporosis. Key findings indicate that the gut microbiome influences bone density through various mechanisms. Specific bacterial strains such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium enhance the absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, increasing bone mineral density. Additionally, the ability to produce essential vitamins like K and B makes the gut microbiota crucial for bone synthesis and integrity. Studies also revealed notable differences in the gut microbiome composition of individuals diagnosed with primary osteoporosis (PO) compared to those who were healthy controls. PO patients exhibited higher microbiota diversity and certain distinctive phylogenetic shifts. Important bacterial taxa such as Bacteroidetes, Faecalibacterium, and Dialister exist in high numbers in PO and may be useful as biomarkers. Additionally, a correlation was found between H. Pylori infections and reduced lumbar spine bone mineral density in older males. The review identifies certain gaps in the current knowledge and research such as the role of viral and fungal components within the gut microbiome. This review highlights the potential role of the gut microbiome as a target for osteoporosis diagnosis, treatment and prevention, underscoring the need for dietary and lifestyle interventions to modify the microbiome and improve bone health.

探索骨微生物学:骨质疏松症中肠-骨轴的叙述性回顾。
骨质疏松症是一种慢性疾病,表现为骨量减少和骨微结构改变,导致骨折风险增加。虽然肠道微生物群和免疫系统之间的关系已经确立,但其对骨骼健康的影响仍未得到充分探讨。本文旨在探讨肠道菌群、骨骼健康和骨质疏松症之间的关系。关键发现表明,肠道微生物组通过多种机制影响骨密度。特定的细菌菌株,如乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌,促进钙、镁和磷的吸收,增加骨矿物质密度。此外,肠道微生物群能够产生像K和B这样的必需维生素,这对骨骼的合成和完整性至关重要。研究还显示,与健康对照组相比,被诊断为原发性骨质疏松症(PO)的个体的肠道微生物组组成存在显著差异。PO患者表现出更高的微生物群多样性和某些独特的系统发育变化。重要的细菌类群如拟杆菌门、粪杆菌和Dialister在PO中大量存在,可作为生物标志物。此外,在老年男性中发现幽门螺杆菌感染与腰椎骨密度降低之间存在相关性。该综述指出了当前知识和研究中的某些空白,例如病毒和真菌成分在肠道微生物组中的作用。这篇综述强调了肠道微生物组作为骨质疏松症诊断、治疗和预防目标的潜在作用,强调了通过饮食和生活方式干预来改变微生物组和改善骨骼健康的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Irish Journal of Medical Science
Irish Journal of Medical Science 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.80%
发文量
357
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Irish Journal of Medical Science is the official organ of the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland. Established in 1832, this quarterly journal is a contribution to medical science and an ideal forum for the younger medical/scientific professional to enter world literature and an ideal launching platform now, as in the past, for many a young research worker. The primary role of both the Academy and IJMS is that of providing a forum for the exchange of scientific information and to promote academic discussion, so essential to scientific progress.
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