Electrochemical performance of microporous carbons derived from oak wood for electric double-layer capacitor

IF 5.8 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Letters Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI:10.1007/s42823-025-00931-5

Hyeon-Hye Kim, Ju-Hwan Kim, Jin-Soo Jeong, Hye-Min Lee, Kay-Hyeok An, Byung-Joo Kim

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Abstract

Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) have attracted significant interest as a promising energy storage solution because of their high-power density, exceptional charge/discharge cycle stability, and extended lifespan. Porous carbon is a key component of EDLCs given its outstanding chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and cost effectiveness. We fabricated porous carbon from oak wood as a raw material using an environment-friendly steam activation process (physical activation). Pretreatment (stabilization) was conducted using a mild acid (phosphoric acid) to achieve a high specific surface area and maintain structural stability. Oak wood-derived porous carbon (Oak-PC) produced with varying activation times following phosphate stabilization achieved high specific surface area (1050–1990 m²/g), pore volume (0.44–0.95 cm³/g), and carbonization yield (36%). Oak-PC retained ~ 90% of its performance at a high current density (10 A/g), demonstrating superior EDLC performance compared to that of commercial porous carbon. These results were attributed to the significant enhancement of the electrical properties of Oak-PCs, achieved by removing char through phosphate stabilization and strengthening bond stability. This study provides foundational data for developing sustainable energy storage technologies and enhancing the efficiency of next-generation energy storage systems by utilizing environment-friendly biomass materials such as oak wood.

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双层电电容器用橡木微孔炭的电化学性能

电双层电容器（edlc）作为一种有前途的储能解决方案，由于其高功率密度、卓越的充放电循环稳定性和延长的使用寿命而引起了人们的极大兴趣。多孔碳具有优异的化学稳定性、高导电性、大比表面积和成本效益，是edlc的关键组成部分。我们以橡木为原料，采用环保的蒸汽活化工艺（物理活化）制备多孔碳。预处理（稳定）使用温和的酸（磷酸）来实现高比表面积和保持结构稳定性。在磷酸盐稳定后，通过不同活化时间生产的橡树木衍生多孔碳（Oak- pc）获得了高比表面积（1050-1990 m2/g）、孔隙体积（0.44-0.95 cm3/g）和碳化率（36%）。橡木- pc在高电流密度（10 a /g）下保持了约90%的性能，与商业多孔碳相比，表现出优越的EDLC性能。这些结果归因于橡树- pc的电性能显著增强，通过磷酸盐稳定去除碳和增强键稳定性来实现。本研究为开发可持续储能技术，利用橡树木等环境友好型生物质材料提高下一代储能系统的效率提供了基础数据。

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来源期刊

Carbon Letters CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

118

期刊介绍： Carbon Letters aims to be a comprehensive journal with complete coverage of carbon materials and carbon-rich molecules. These materials range from, but are not limited to, diamond and graphite through chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, carbon blacks, activated carbons, pyrolytic carbons, glass-like carbons, etc. Papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials from the above mentioned various carbons are within the scope of the journal. Papers on organic substances, including coals, will be considered only if the research has close relation to the resulting carbon materials. Carbon Letters also seeks to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist fields and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to current issues such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer. The renewable energy basics, energy storage and conversion, solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, biomass energy, hydrogen production technology, and other clean energy technologies are also within the scope of the journal. Carbon Letters invites original reports of fundamental research in all branches of the theory and practice of carbon science and technology.