377 Effects of corn silage inclusion rate in the finishing diet on performance, carcass characteristics, and liver abscess incidence of Holstein and Beef × Holstein steers.

IF 2.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI:10.1093/jas/skaf300.098

Melanie Pimentel Concepción, Daniel Buskirk, Andrea Garmyn, Jongkyoo Kim, Jerad Jaborek

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The objectives were to investigate feedlot performance, carcass traits, and liver abscess incidence of Holstein (HO) and Beef × HO (B×HO) steers fed different corn silage inclusion rates in the finishing diet. After a 21-d adaptation, treatments were assigned in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, factors being breed type (HO or B×HO) and dietary inclusion of 20% or 40% corn silage (20CS or 40CS). Steers (n=120) were allocated to five pens per breed type by diet combination. Initial BW (266±18.7 kg) was included as a covariate for statistical analyses. Harvest occurred when treatments reached an average empty body fat (EBF) of 30% predicted by ultrasound. Carcass data were collected following a 48-h chill. The B×HO and HO steers were fed for 290 and 332-d, while 20CS and 40CS steers were fed for 307 and 314-d, respectively. There were no significant interactions between breed type and diet factors. The B×HO steers had a greater ADG, DMI, and gain:feed (P ≤ 0.01) compared with the HO steers. Dietary treatment did not affect performance metrics, except for DMI, which tended to be greater (P = 0.07) for steers fed 40CS than 20CS. Cost of gain was similar regardless of breed type and diet (P ≥ 0.68). Final live BW and hot carcass weight were greater for B×HO compared with HO (P ≤ 0.01) steers, but did not differ due to diet (P ≥ 0.19). Dressing percentage tended to be greater for B×HO compared with HO (P = 0.07) and was greater for steers fed 20CS compared with 40CS (P = 0.01). Liver abscess incidence was greater in HO compared with B×HO steers (49.2% vs. 21.7%; P < 0.01) and steers fed 20CS compared with 40CS (51.6% vs. 18.7%; P < 0.01). Additionally, B×HO carcasses had greater backfat thickness (P < 0.01) and greater longissimus muscle area (P < 0.01), but lesser kidney, pelvic, and heart fat percentage (P < 0.01), resulting in a lesser calculated USDA Yield Grade (P = 0.01) compared with HO carcasses. Carcass EBF, marbling score, and USDA Quality Grade were similar for breed type and diet (P ≥ 0.38). Carcass revenue was greater for B×HO carcasses when compared with HO carcasses (P = 0.04). Calculated breakeven value was $281/feeder calf greater for B×HO than HO (P = 0.02). Carcass revenue and breakeven feeder calf value were similar between diets (P ≥ 0.74). Overall, B×HO steers were more feed efficient, had a lesser incidence of liver abscesses, and produced carcasses with more desirable carcass yield, resulting in a greater breakeven feeder calf value compared with HO steers. Additionally, increasing corn silage inclusion from 20% to 40% reduced liver abscess incidence in both breed types without significantly influencing cost of gain.

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育肥期饲粮中玉米青贮包涵率对荷斯坦和牛×荷斯坦阉牛生产性能、胴体特性和肝脓肿发生率的影响。

本试验旨在研究荷斯坦（HO）和牛×HO （B×HO）育肥日粮中饲喂不同玉米青贮率的阉牛的育肥场生产性能、胴体性状和肝脓肿发生率。适应21 d后，按2 × 2因子安排处理，因子为品种类型（HO或B×HO）和饲粮中添加20%或40%玉米青贮（20CS或40CS）。按日粮组合将120头阉牛分配到每个品种5个栏中。初始体重（266±18.7 kg）作为协变量纳入统计分析。当治疗达到超声预测的平均空体脂肪（EBF） 30%时，就会有收获。在降温48小时后收集胴体数据。B×HO和HO组分别饲喂290和332 d， 20CS和40CS组分别饲喂307和314 d。品种类型与饲粮因素之间无显著交互作用。B×HO组的平均日增重、DMI和料重比均高于HO组（P≤0.01）。除DMI外，饲粮处理对性能指标没有影响（P = 0.07），饲喂40CS的肉牛DMI高于饲喂20CS的肉牛。无论品种类型和饲粮，增重成本相似（P≥0.68）。B×HO肉牛的最终活重和热胴体重高于HO肉牛（P≤0.01），但饲粮差异不显著（P≥0.19）。饲喂B×HO的屠宰率高于饲喂HO的屠宰率（P = 0.07），饲喂20CS的屠宰率高于饲喂40CS的屠宰率（P = 0.01）。与B×HO组相比，HO组的肝脓肿发生率更高（49.2% vs. 21.7%; P < 0.01），与喂食20CS组相比，喂食40CS组的肝脓肿发生率更高（51.6% vs. 18.7%; P < 0.01）。此外，B×HO胴体的背脂肪厚度更大（P < 0.01），最长肌面积更大（P < 0.01），但肾脏、骨盆和心脏脂肪百分比更小（P < 0.01），因此与HO胴体相比，计算得出的USDA产量等级更低（P = 0.01）。不同品种和日粮的胴体EBF、大理石纹评分和USDA品质等级相似（P≥0.38）。B×HO型胴体收益高于HO型胴体（P = 0.04）。计算出的盈亏平衡值B×HO比HO每头饲料牛高281美元（P = 0.02）。不同饲粮的胴体收益和盈亏平衡饲犊价值相近（P≥0.74）。总体而言，B×HO型肉牛的饲料效率更高，肝脓肿发生率更低，胴体产量更理想，与HO型肉牛相比，饲料犊牛的收支平衡值更高。此外，将玉米青贮含量从20%提高到40%可以降低两个品种的肝脓肿发生率，但不会显著影响增重成本。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

1589

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.