{"title":"Intravesical prostatic protrusion volume: effect on lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary flow in patients with benign prostatic enlargement.","authors":"Emre Bulbul, Omer Oztekin, Fahri Yavuz Ilki","doi":"10.1007/s00345-025-05986-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the effect of intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) in patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), using three-dimensional assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) to the urology clinic of a state hospital between March 2023 and July 2025 were evaluated. Treatment-naïve 369 BPE patients aged 50-80 years were included in the study. Prostate volume (PV), IPP length, IPP transverse diameter, IPP antero-posterior diameter, and IPP volume were measured using transabdominal ultrasonography by a single radiologist. IPP volume was calculated using the following formula: length × transverse diameter × antero-posterior diameter × 0.52.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The International Prostate Symptom Score (p = 0.014) and IPP volume (p = 0.018) were identified as two independent predictors of low Qmax in patients with BPE. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for IPP volume. The optimal cut-off value was 3.65 mL, with an area under the curve of 0.823. At this cut-off value, sensitivity was 80% and specificity was 79%. In the multivariate correlation analysis, only IPP volume demonstrated an independent correlation with post-void residual volume (B = 0.211, p = 0.030). In the same analysis, parameters independently correlated with the International Prostate Symptom Score included IPP length (B = 0.219, p = 0.002), IPP antero-posterior diameter (B = 0.391, p = 0.009), and IPP volume (B = 0.188, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In addition to IPP length, a three-dimensional assessment of the intravesical prostate-incorporating its transverse and antero-posterior diameters-may be a more objective parameter for LUTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23954,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Urology","volume":"43 1","pages":"588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World Journal of Urology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-025-05986-7","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) in patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), using three-dimensional assessment.
Methods: Men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) to the urology clinic of a state hospital between March 2023 and July 2025 were evaluated. Treatment-naïve 369 BPE patients aged 50-80 years were included in the study. Prostate volume (PV), IPP length, IPP transverse diameter, IPP antero-posterior diameter, and IPP volume were measured using transabdominal ultrasonography by a single radiologist. IPP volume was calculated using the following formula: length × transverse diameter × antero-posterior diameter × 0.52.
Results: The International Prostate Symptom Score (p = 0.014) and IPP volume (p = 0.018) were identified as two independent predictors of low Qmax in patients with BPE. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for IPP volume. The optimal cut-off value was 3.65 mL, with an area under the curve of 0.823. At this cut-off value, sensitivity was 80% and specificity was 79%. In the multivariate correlation analysis, only IPP volume demonstrated an independent correlation with post-void residual volume (B = 0.211, p = 0.030). In the same analysis, parameters independently correlated with the International Prostate Symptom Score included IPP length (B = 0.219, p = 0.002), IPP antero-posterior diameter (B = 0.391, p = 0.009), and IPP volume (B = 0.188, p = 0.001).
Conclusion: In addition to IPP length, a three-dimensional assessment of the intravesical prostate-incorporating its transverse and antero-posterior diameters-may be a more objective parameter for LUTS.
期刊介绍:
The WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY conveys regularly the essential results of urological research and their practical and clinical relevance to a broad audience of urologists in research and clinical practice. In order to guarantee a balanced program, articles are published to reflect the developments in all fields of urology on an internationally advanced level. Each issue treats a main topic in review articles of invited international experts. Free papers are unrelated articles to the main topic.