A Qualitative Exploration of Resilience in Caregivers of Children with Leukemia in Kosovo Through the Lens of the Resilience Portfolio Model

Abstract

Having a child diagnosed with a life-threatening illness is one of the most traumatic experiences a parent can face. While this challenge is universal, there is a critical gap in research exploring the experiences of caregivers in low-income countries, where psychosocial support is often limited. Existing literature tends to emphasize the negative impact of the disease, leaving a need for more studies that also examine caregiver resilience and coping. This study addresses that gap by identifying strengths related to resilience among Kosovan caregivers of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) within the active treatment phase. Based on in-depth interviews with 12 caregivers (nine mothers and three fathers) of 12 children aged 4 to 14 years who were undergoing treatment, followed by a thematic analysis, key strengths that promoted their well-being and contributed to a more positive outcome during this challenging time were identified. Using the resilience portfolio model as a framework, three key domains—meaning-making, regulatory strengths, and interpersonal strengths—emerged in various ways. Participants identified family support, faith, religious practices, and group connectedness as essential strengths that helped them accept their diagnosis and adapt during all stages of treatment. The results shed light on both their battles and strengths, aiming to enhance our understanding of the caregiver’s resilience strengths. These insights can lead to interventions and help target the modifiable family psychosocial risk factors that can hinder a family’s adaptation and recovery.