Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Building rate, In-Situ Formation of Austenite and Tensile Properties of SAF 2507 SDSS Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition

IF 4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Pavel Salvetr, Josef Hodek, Matouš Uhlík, Pavel Novák, Jaromír Dlouhý, Michal Brázda
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Abstract

Industry applications of duplex stainless steels require a two-phase microstructure with a nearly balanced austenite-ferrite content to achieve good mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance. The most widespread additive manufacturing method such as laser powder bed fusion provides nearly fully ferritic microstructures due to the very high cooling rate, and the post-processing heat treatment must be performed. In contrast, other additive manufacturing methods, such as directed deposition methods, reach lower cooling rates and enable to obtain an equal ferrite–austenite ratio directly in the microstructure of the as-built state. In this work, the super duplex stainless steel SAF 2507 was deposited by directed energy deposition. The process parameters, namely, the laser power, laser beam spot, and powder feed rate, were varied to investigate the impact of the energy area density on the microstructure and tensile properties. A decrease in the energy area density caused an increase in the austenite content of 48 vol% and a numerical simulation of the sample temperature distribution inside the block during deposition, explaining the relationship between the amount of in situ formed austenite and the deposition parameters, was provided. Simultaneously, the deposition rate increased by more than five times. In contrast, the samples deposited at a higher building rate are characterized by greater porosity and lower elongation values in the vertical direction. The effect of the deposition parameters on the yield strength is low.

Graphical Abstract

沉积参数对定向能沉积SAF 2507 SDSS形成速率、原位奥氏体形成及拉伸性能的影响
双相不锈钢的工业应用要求两相组织具有接近平衡的奥氏体-铁素体含量,以获得良好的机械性能和良好的耐腐蚀性。最广泛的增材制造方法,如激光粉末床熔合,由于非常高的冷却速度,提供了几乎完全铁素体的微观结构,并且必须进行后处理热处理。相比之下,其他增材制造方法,如定向沉积方法,可以达到更低的冷却速度,并能够在构建状态的微观结构中直接获得相同的铁素体-奥氏体比。采用定向能沉积法沉积了超级双相不锈钢SAF 2507。通过改变激光功率、激光束光斑和粉末进料速度等工艺参数,研究能量区密度对微观组织和拉伸性能的影响。能量区密度的降低导致奥氏体含量增加了48 vol%,并对沉积过程中试样内部的温度分布进行了数值模拟,解释了原位形成奥氏体的数量与沉积参数之间的关系。同时,沉积速率提高了5倍以上。相反,以较高的构建速率沉积的样品在垂直方向上具有较大的孔隙率和较低的延伸率。沉积参数对屈服强度的影响较小。图形抽象
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来源期刊
Metals and Materials International
Metals and Materials International 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
8.60%
发文量
197
审稿时长
3.7 months
期刊介绍: Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.
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