An assessment of bank efficiency in Cambodia: A comparison between multi-criteria measurement and the DEA approach

IF 5.6 Q1 MANAGEMENT

Asia Pacific Management Review Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI:10.1016/j.apmrv.2025.100390

Wann-Yih Wu , Ying-Kai Liao , Wei-Shiun Chang , Thi Thinh Vo , Gia Vung Dang , Ting Chih Wu , Leang Un , Sambath Phou , Chandy Hang

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Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the competitiveness and efficiency of 52 Cambodian commercial banks through the integration of a multi-criteria Enterprise Competitiveness Index (ECI), two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and a Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV), Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT), and the Resource–Capability–Performance (RCP) framework, the model captures both internal efficiency and broader strategic potential. The ECI offers a multidimensional benchmark encompassing financial, marketing, operational, and human resource dimensions. Two-stage DEA evaluates how effectively banks convert inputs (e.g., advertising, labor quality) into intermediate outputs (e.g., productivity measures) and subsequently into financial performance. A BPNN is incorporated to model non-linear relationships and forecast profitability outcomes with over 85 % prediction accuracy. Findings reveal significant variation in banks' ability to translate operational productivity into financial returns, indicating potential strategic misalignments. Some banks exhibit high resource utilization but fail to achieve commensurate profitability, while others demonstrate strong financial outcomes despite weaker operational foundations. The integration of the ECI and DEA highlights the distinction between technical efficiency and long-term competitiveness, while the BPNN enhances strategic foresight by capturing hidden patterns across performance variables. This multi-method approach offers valuable insights for regulators and managers in emerging financial markets, particularly in addressing governance, resource allocation, and sustainable growth strategies. The study not only fills methodological gaps in traditional banking efficiency models but also provides a robust tool for adaptive strategic planning in Cambodia's rapidly evolving banking landscape.

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柬埔寨银行效率评估：多标准测量与DEA方法的比较

本研究通过整合多标准企业竞争力指数（ECI）、两阶段数据包络分析（DEA）和反向传播神经网络（BPNN），对52家柬埔寨商业银行的竞争力和效率进行了全面评估。该模型以资源基础观（RBV）、动态能力理论（DCT）和资源-能力-绩效（RCP）框架为基础，捕捉了内部效率和更广泛的战略潜力。ECI提供了包含财务、营销、运营和人力资源维度的多维基准。两阶段DEA评估银行如何有效地将投入（例如，广告，劳动力质量）转化为中间产出（例如，生产力措施），随后转化为财务业绩。采用bp神经网络对非线性关系进行建模，并以超过85%的预测精度预测盈利能力结果。调查结果显示，银行将运营生产力转化为财务回报的能力存在显著差异，表明潜在的战略错位。一些银行表现出较高的资源利用率，但未能实现相应的盈利能力，而另一些银行尽管经营基础较弱，但却表现出强劲的财务业绩。ECI和DEA的集成突出了技术效率和长期竞争力之间的区别，而BPNN通过捕获跨绩效变量的隐藏模式来增强战略远见。这种多方法方法为新兴金融市场的监管者和管理者提供了宝贵的见解，特别是在解决治理、资源配置和可持续增长战略方面。这项研究不仅填补了传统银行效率模型在方法上的空白，而且还为柬埔寨快速发展的银行业格局提供了适应性战略规划的有力工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asia Pacific Management Review MANAGEMENT-

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia Pacific Management Review (APMR), peer-reviewed and published quarterly, pursues to publish original and high quality research articles and notes that contribute to build empirical and theoretical understanding for concerning strategy and management aspects in business and activities. Meanwhile, we also seek to publish short communications and opinions addressing issues of current concern to managers in regards to within and between the Asia-Pacific region. The covered domains but not limited to, such as accounting, finance, marketing, decision analysis and operation management, human resource management, information management, international business management, logistic and supply chain management, quantitative and research methods, strategic and business management, and tourism management, are suitable for publication in the APMR.