Non-equilibrium dynamics of long-range field configurations in the Proca theory and the counterexample to the law of periodic charge oscillations

Abstract

Long-range field configurations exist in the Proca theory and their non-equilibrium evolution is of interest in this work. General arguments suggest that a charge can be assigned to them and that its evolution is governed by the law of periodic charge oscillations. We discuss an elegant analytically-solvable example of a field configuration in the Proca theory respecting such a law. We also identify a weak point in the aforementioned general arguments, construct the counterexample to the law of periodic charge oscillations in the Proca theory, and comprehensively analyze it. The Gibbs-Wilbraham phenomenon is discussed in the course of these studies.