Human-driving like lane-changing behavior of autonomous vehicles based on asymmetric risk field and reinforcement learning

IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Wang-Han Gong, Geng Zhang, Bo-Yu Song
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Lane-changing (LC) behavior is a common and safety-risky behavior in traffic system, accurately quantizing the risk during LC process and establishing a reasonable LC model are crucial for autonomous vehicles to complete LC process like human-driving vehicles. So far, the risk in LC process is mainly assumed to be symmetric in existing studies and the different safety risks posed by different types of vehicles are ignored. To explore the safety risks posed by different types of vehicles in real traffic, an asymmetric risk field LC model from the perspective of asymmetric risk is established in this paper. In this model, the asymmetric risk is calculated in view of the vehicle size, and the vehicle size is presented as volume based on natural dataset. Also, the risk threshold that is introduced to depict the LC behavior in line with human-driving characteristics is calibrated by applying reinforcement learning (RL) method and NGSIM dataset. Finally, comparison simulation between the proposed model and the symmetric risk model is carried out and the simulation results illustrate that the longitudinal error (LE), the mixed gap error (MGE), and the model error (ME) of the proposed model with real data is lower than that of the symmetric risk model with real data. It shows that the proposed model is more consistent with the real LC trajectory than the symmetric risk model.
基于非对称风险场和强化学习的自动驾驶汽车变道行为
变道行为是交通系统中常见的具有安全风险的行为,准确量化变道过程中的风险,建立合理的变道模型对于自动驾驶汽车像人类驾驶汽车一样完成变道过程至关重要。到目前为止,现有的研究主要假设LC过程中的风险是对称的,忽略了不同类型车辆所带来的不同安全风险。为了探究现实交通中不同类型车辆所带来的安全风险,本文从非对称风险的角度建立了非对称风险场LC模型。该模型根据车辆尺寸计算不对称风险,并基于自然数据集将车辆尺寸以体积表示。此外,采用强化学习(RL)方法和NGSIM数据集对描述符合人类驾驶特征的LC行为的风险阈值进行了校准。最后,将所提出的模型与对称风险模型进行了对比仿真,仿真结果表明,所提出模型的纵向误差(LE)、混合间隙误差(MGE)和模型误差(ME)均低于对称风险模型的真实数据。结果表明,该模型比对称风险模型更符合真实LC轨迹。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
9.10%
发文量
852
审稿时长
6.6 months
期刊介绍: Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications Recognized by the European Physical Society Physica A publishes research in the field of statistical mechanics and its applications. Statistical mechanics sets out to explain the behaviour of macroscopic systems by studying the statistical properties of their microscopic constituents. Applications of the techniques of statistical mechanics are widespread, and include: applications to physical systems such as solids, liquids and gases; applications to chemical and biological systems (colloids, interfaces, complex fluids, polymers and biopolymers, cell physics); and other interdisciplinary applications to for instance biological, economical and sociological systems.
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