High-precision wearable ionic composite sensor array with material-circuit-software co-design for multi-scenario biomechanical monitoring

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2025.117106

Yaotong Meng , Enyu Mo , Yanjiao Chang , Qian Zhao , Tong Su , Mingzhuo Guo , Siyang Wu , Jiale Zhao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A capacitive soft pressure sensor array system was developed based on ionic liquid-polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibrous membranes. The system was constructed through the integration of three components. First, a sensing material was fabricated via electrospinning with ionic liquid, achieving stable electric double-layer capacitance while exhibiting a maximum sensitivity of 0.31 kilopascal inverse and tensile strengths of 0.45 MPa and 0.42 MPa for 50 % and 60 % ionic liquid-polyvinylidene fluoride compositions, respectively. Second, dedicated hardware was designed by combining PCAP01 capacitance converters with an STM32F406 microcontroller through a multichannel controller area network bus architecture, enabling nine-channel parallel operation at a resolution of 6 aF and a nonlinearity error of ±0.05 %. Third, Qt-based software was implemented using a Model-View-View Model architecture to execute real-time force-capacitance modeling and visualization. System validation revealed sensor array errors below 0.08 % in standardized capacitance measurements and static load relative errors under 3.9 %. A 3-by-3 sensor array attained millimeter-level spatial resolution with crosstalk suppression exceeding 90 % through multichannel data acquisition and intelligent algorithmic processing. Functional demonstrations encompassed respiratory micro-force detection in the range of 0.011 N to 0.144 N, gender-specific vocal vibration differentiation with a dynamic range of 0.4 N, multi-finger grasping response spanning 0.01 N to 10 N and muscle contraction core stress localization with a peak value of 4.8 N. The co-design methodology demonstrated enhanced capabilities in weak signal extraction, resistance to multiphysical interference and dynamic response analysis. This integrated material-hardware-software platform exhibited potential for applications in wearable medical monitoring, human-machine interfaces and biomechanical motion analysis.

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面向多场景生物力学监测的材料-电路-软件协同设计的高精度可穿戴离子复合传感器阵列

研制了一种基于离子液体-聚偏氟乙烯复合纤维膜的电容式软压力传感器阵列系统。该系统是通过三个组件的集成来构建的。首先，采用离子液体静电纺丝法制备了一种传感材料，获得了稳定的双电层电容，对于50% %和60% %的离子液体-聚偏氟乙烯成分，其最大灵敏度分别为0.31千帕反，抗拉强度分别为0.45 MPa和0.42 MPa。其次，通过多通道控制器局域网总线架构，将PCAP01电容变换器与STM32F406微控制器相结合，设计专用硬件，实现9通道并行工作，分辨率为6 aF，非线性误差为±0.05 %。第三，采用模型-视图-视图模型（Model- view - view Model）架构实现基于qt的力-电容实时建模和可视化。系统验证表明，在标准化电容测量中，传感器阵列误差小于0.08 %，静态负载相对误差小于3.9 %。通过多通道数据采集和智能算法处理，3 × 3传感器阵列获得了毫米级的空间分辨率，串扰抑制超过90% %。功能演示包括0.011 - 0.144 N范围内的呼吸微力检测、0.4 N动态范围内的性别声音振动区分、0.01 - 10 N范围内的多指抓握响应以及峰值4.8 N的肌肉收缩核心应力定位。协同设计方法在弱信号提取、抗多物理干扰和动态响应分析方面表现出增强的能力。这种材料-硬件-软件集成平台在可穿戴医疗监测、人机界面和生物力学运动分析方面具有应用潜力。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...