Lithic technology from level 22 at Nasera (Tanzania): The Kisele industry revisited

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105423

Irene Solano-Megías , José Manuel Maíllo-Fernández , Juan Marín , David M. Martín-Perea , Agness Gidna , Audax Z.P. Mabulla

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Abstract

This study presents a techno-typological analysis of level 22 at the site of Nasera (northern Tanzania), shedding new light on the Kisele industry (Middle Stone Age) in the region. The lithic assemblage is predominantly characterized by discoid methods and the use of sidescrapers and points, both bifacial and unifacial. The raw materials used are primarily local in origin, including quartz and chert from Olduvai. However, the presence of a small number of obsidian pieces originating from Lake Naivasha basin suggests long-distance contact between MSA groups.

In addition to the discoid methods, other operational schemes, such as the Levallois or the single platform, have been identified in smaller numbers, with higher-quality materials such as chert used in the Levallois. This indicates a greater variability in the number of production methods used than that previously identified for the Kisele industry.

Comparisons with other regional industries, such as the older Sanzako, or contemporaneous ones like VCS and DGS at Olduvai or Loiyangalani in the Serengeti, show techno-typological differences that present a scenario of greater technological complexity and diversity than previously known for northern Tanzania.

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Nasera（坦桑尼亚）22级的锂矿技术：Kisele产业重访

本研究对Nasera（坦桑尼亚北部）遗址的22层进行了技术类型学分析，为该地区的Kisele工业（石器时代中期）提供了新的视角。岩石组合的主要特征是盘状方法和双面和单面的侧面和点的使用。所使用的原材料主要来自当地，包括来自奥杜瓦伊的石英和燧石。然而，来自奈瓦沙湖盆地的少量黑曜石碎片的存在表明MSA群体之间存在远距离接触。除了圆盘式方法外，其他操作方案，如Levallois或单一平台，已经被确定为数量较少，使用高质量的材料，如Levallois中使用的燧石。这表明，与以前确定的Kisele工业相比，所使用的生产方法数量存在更大的可变性。与其他地区工业（如较老的Sanzako）或同时期的产业（如Olduvai的VCS和DGS或塞伦盖蒂的Loiyangalani）进行比较，显示出技术类型的差异，这些差异呈现出比以前所知的坦桑尼亚北部更大的技术复杂性和多样性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports ARCHAEOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

405

期刊介绍： Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports is aimed at archaeologists and scientists engaged with the application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. The journal focuses on the results of the application of scientific methods to archaeological problems and debates. It will provide a forum for reviews and scientific debate of issues in scientific archaeology and their impact in the wider subject. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports will publish papers of excellent archaeological science, with regional or wider interest. This will include case studies, reviews and short papers where an established scientific technique sheds light on archaeological questions and debates.