Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in association with acute respiratory distress syndrome in the setting of influenza B infection

Abstract

We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with fever, diarrhea, and respiratory symptoms, and was found to have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the setting of influenza B infection. Her stay was complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation and Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) confirmed on bone marrow aspirate. Despite multiple therapies including antiviral, corticosteroids, and etoposide, the patient deteriorated and succumbed on day 10 of hospitalization. This case highlights the potential severity of influenza B and the need for early recognition to try and prevent complications such as ARDS and HLH.