Interactive effects of tillage and straw mulching on surface runoff, nutrient loss, and maize yield on sloping farmland with purple soil in China

IF 6.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Hong Wang , Yueying Wu , Li Yao , Lin Wang , Haitao Liu , Limei Zhai , Chaowen Lin , Kai Wei , Honglin Chen , Huan Liu , Dinghui Liu
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Abstract

Investigating the impacts of different management practices on soil erosion and nutrient loss in purple soil sloping farmlands can contribute to the optimization of management strategies. The best tillage system for sustainable agriculture within this region remains unknown. Therefore, a seven-year field experiment was carried out at 15 randomly selected experimental sites, aiming to determine the effects of no tillage (TR1), ridge tillage (TR2), strip tillage (TR3), ridge tillage with straw mulching (TR4), and strip tillage with straw mulching (TR5) methods on runoff depth, nutrient loss, soil chemical properties, and maize yield. The results indicated that, compared with those under no-till, runoff depth and nutrient losses (nitrogen: N and phosphorus: P) under all conservation tillage practices were reduced over 60–90 %. The runoff depth was the lowest in TR4, while the nutrient losses were the lowest in TR4 in dry years and normal years, and in TR5 in wet years. The dissolved form made up the majority of N (71–90 %) and P (58–79 %) losses in runoff. Straw mulching was positively correlated with soil chemical properties, and the annual soil organic carbon (SOC) increased significantly under TR4 (up to 31 %) and TR5 (up to 17 %) compared with other treatments. Compared with those of the TR1 method, maize yield and nutrient uptake responses were positive for the TR4 method in dry years and normal years, and for the TR5 method in wet years. Overall, these results will offer more precise management suggestions for the optimization of the interaction between straw return and soil tillage, reducing nutrient loss by water erosion, as well as advancing the conservation and sustainable utilization on the sloping land of purple soil in Southwest China.
耕作与秸秆覆盖对紫色土坡耕地地表径流、养分流失和玉米产量的交互影响
研究不同管理措施对紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响,有助于优化管理策略。该地区可持续农业的最佳耕作制度尚不清楚。因此,在15个随机选择的试验点进行了为期7年的田间试验,旨在确定免耕(TR1)、垄作(TR2)、条带耕作(TR3)、秸秆覆盖垄作(TR4)和秸秆覆盖条带耕作(TR5)方式对径流深度、养分流失、土壤化学性质和玉米产量的影响。结果表明,与免耕相比,所有保护性耕作方式的径流深度和养分损失(氮:N和磷:P)均减少了60-90 %以上。径流深度TR4最小,养分损失在干旱年和正常年TR4最小,在湿润年TR5最小。径流中氮(71 ~ 90 %)和磷(58 ~ 79 %)的损失主要由溶解形式造成。秸秆还田与土壤化学性质呈正相关,TR4和TR5处理土壤年有机碳(SOC)显著高于其他处理(分别为31% %和17% %)。与TR1方法相比,TR4方法在干旱年和正常年的玉米产量和养分吸收响应为正,TR5方法在湿润年的玉米产量和养分吸收响应为正。综上所述,这些结果将为优化秸秆还田与土壤耕作的相互作用,减少水分侵蚀造成的养分流失,促进西南紫色土坡耕地的保护和可持续利用提供更精确的管理建议。
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来源期刊
Agricultural Water Management
Agricultural Water Management 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
14.90%
发文量
648
审稿时长
4.9 months
期刊介绍: Agricultural Water Management publishes papers of international significance relating to the science, economics, and policy of agricultural water management. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management.
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