Long-term trends in global land aerosol optical depth and teleconnection with sea surface temperature during 2000–2023

IF 4.4 2区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Atmospheric Research Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108496

Yu Ding , Jiaxin Dong , Shiyao Meng , Mengfan Teng , Jie Yang , Siwei Li

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Abstract

Understanding the variability of global land aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its teleconnection with sea surface temperature (SST) is essential for assessing aerosol–climate interactions. This study developed a high-resolution (0.05°), gap-free daily AOD dataset for 2000–2023 by integrating MAIAC AOD retrievals with meteorological, reanalysis, and geographical predictors using a CatBoost model. Validation against independent AERONET observations shows good agreement (R² = 0.72, RMSE = 0.09), with significantly improved spatial completeness compared to reanalysis products. Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis indicates that the leading mode exhibits predominantly positive loadings over most global land areas, with the strongest signals in Northern Hemisphere mid- and high latitudes. The associated temporal evolution shows a shift from above-average AOD in the early 2000s to below-average levels after the mid-2010s, consistent with widespread AOD declines reported since the early 2000s and most pronounced in high-loading regions. Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis between monthly land AOD and SST reveals that the leading coupled mode (36.28 % covariance) is characterized by persistent SST warming and a marked reduction in AOD over major emission regions since the early 2010s, while subsequent modes capture interannual signals related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) as well as decadal-scale patterns. These findings provide new evidence of large-scale SST–AOD covariability and offer a basis for exploring potential physical linkages, contributing to improved representation of aerosol–climate interactions in coupled models.

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2000-2023年全球陆地气溶胶光学深度的长期趋势及其与海面温度的遥相关

了解全球陆地气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的变率及其与海表温度（SST）的遥相关对于评估气溶胶-气候相互作用至关重要。本研究利用CatBoost模型将MAIAC AOD检索数据与气象、再分析和地理预测因子相结合，建立了2000-2023年高分辨率（0.05°）、无间隙的每日AOD数据集。对独立AERONET观测结果的验证显示出良好的一致性（R2 = 0.72, RMSE = 0.09），与再分析产品相比，显著提高了空间完整性。经验正交函数（EOF）分析表明，主导模态在全球大部分陆地区域主要呈现正负荷，其中北半球中高纬度地区的信号最强。相关的时间演变表明，AOD从21世纪初的高于平均水平转变为2010年代中期后的低于平均水平，这与21世纪初以来广泛报道的AOD下降一致，且在高负荷地区最为明显。月陆地AOD和海温的奇异值分解（SVD）分析表明，自2010年代初以来，主导耦合模态（36.28%协方差）以海温持续升温和主要排放区AOD显著减少为特征，而后续模态捕获与El Niño-Southern涛动（ENSO）和太平洋年代际涛动（PDO）相关的年际信号以及年代际格局。这些发现提供了大尺度海温- aod协变的新证据，并为探索潜在的物理联系提供了基础，有助于在耦合模式中改进气溶胶-气候相互作用的表征。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Research 地学-气象与大气科学

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

10.90%

发文量

460

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： The journal publishes scientific papers (research papers, review articles, letters and notes) dealing with the part of the atmosphere where meteorological events occur. Attention is given to all processes extending from the earth surface to the tropopause, but special emphasis continues to be devoted to the physics of clouds, mesoscale meteorology and air pollution, i.e. atmospheric aerosols; microphysical processes; cloud dynamics and thermodynamics; numerical simulation, climatology, climate change and weather modification.