Effects of dietary soya-saponins on growth performance and intestinal health in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103142

Xinpeng Wang , Jun Wen , Ximing Hou , Haiqing Wu , Qianyu Zhou , Xue Fu , Chuyi Cui , Shimei Lin , Yongjun Chen , Li Luo , Qinghui Ai , Yuanfa He

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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary soya-saponins (SS) on the growth and intestinal health of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated: a fish meal (FM)-based control diet and three experimental diets supplemented with 0.1 %, 0.2 %, and 0.6 % SS (SS0.1, SS0.2, and SS0.6, respectively). Largemouth bass with initial individual body weight of 7.60 ± 0.0 g were randomly allocated to four groups in triplicate with 20 individuals in each tank. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results demonstrated that SS significantly reduced the growth performance compared with FM group (P < 0.05). SS significantly reduced plica height and width, and goblet cell counts compared with FM group (P < 0.05). Additionally, SS caused pathological changes in intestinal cells and organelles, including microvillar disorganization, nuclear pyknosis, mitochondrial cristolysis, and endoplasmic reticulum dilation, most severe in SS0.6 group. SS0.6 group markedly decreased serum lipopolysaccharide, D-lactate, and diamine oxidase compared with FM group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SS0.2 and SS0.6 groups significantly reduced serum acid and alkaline phosphatase activities and elevated alanine and aspartate aminotransferase and total bile acid levels compared with FM group (P < 0.05). SS0.2 and SS0.6 groups significantly reduced intestinal superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, total antioxidant capacity compared with FM group (P < 0.05). SS0.6 group significantly increased the abundance of potential pathogens (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Escherichia-Shigella, and Serratia) compared with the FM group (P < 0.05). SS0.6 and FM comparison group significantly downregulated the PI3K-Akt and B cell receptor signaling pathways. SS0.6 group markedly downregulated intestinal barrier function genes (zo-1, claudin3, claudin8, and nectin4), il22 and c3, as well as significantly upregulated cox2 and ccl4 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary SS adversely affects the growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile largemouth bass, potentially via microbiota dysregulation and inflammatory responses.

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饲料中添加大豆皂苷对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能和肠道健康的影响

本试验研究了饲料中添加大豆皂苷（SS）对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长和肠道健康的影响。配制4种等氮等脂饲料：以鱼粉为基础的对照饲料和添加0.1 %、0.2 %和0.6 % SS（分别为SS0.1、SS0.2和SS0.6）的3种试验饲料。选取初始体重为7.60 ± 0.0 g的大口黑鲈，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每缸20尾。试验期56 d。结果表明，与鱼粉组相比，SS显著降低了鱼粉组的生长性能（P <； 0.05）。与FM组相比，SS显著降低了皱襞高度、宽度和杯状细胞计数（P <； 0.05）。此外，SS引起肠道细胞和细胞器的病理改变，包括微绒毛紊乱、核固缩、线粒体晶体溶解和内质网扩张，以SS0.6组最为严重。与FM组相比，SS0.6组血清脂多糖、d -乳酸、二胺氧化酶显著降低（P <； 0.05）。此外，与FM组相比，SS0.2和SS0.6组显著降低了血清酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性，升高了丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶和总胆汁酸水平（P <； 0.05）。与鱼粉组相比，SS0.2和SS0.6组显著降低了肠道超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和总抗氧化能力（P <； 0.05）。与FM组相比，SS0.6组潜在致病菌（不动杆菌、假单胞菌、埃希氏志贺氏菌和沙雷氏菌）丰度显著增加（P <； 0.05）。SS0.6和FM对照组显著下调PI3K-Akt和B细胞受体信号通路。SS0.6组肠道屏障功能基因（zo-1、claudin3、claudin8、nectin4）、il - 22、c3显著下调，cox2、ccl4显著上调（P <； 0.05）。综上所述，饲料中添加SS对大口黑鲈幼鱼的生长性能和肠道健康产生不利影响，可能是通过微生物群失调和炎症反应产生的。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.