Full Title: The effect-modification role of folic acid supplementation on the association between fine particulate matter exposure and risk of full-term low birth weight.

IF 2.6 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.09.029

Weiye Wang, Sisi Hu, Xing Wang, Zhong Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the association between fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposure during pregnancy and risk of full-term low birth weight (FT-LBW), and to explore the effect modification of folic acid (FA) supplementation on this association.

Methods: This case-control study included 515 cases of FT-LBW and 1,030 controls from Jiujiang City, China, from January 2024 to June 2025. PM_2.5 exposure level during pregnancy was determined using the land use regression model, and details on FA supplementation within the 3 months before pregnancy were collected using questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between PM_2.5 exposure and the risk of FT-LBW, and the effect modification of FA supplementation was examined using subgroup analysis.

Results: For every 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 exposure during pregnancy, the risk of FT-LBW increased by 8% (95% CI: 1.02-1.14, p=0.004). Subgroup analysis showed that in the lowest quartile of FA supplementation, for every 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 exposure, the risk of FT-LBW increased by 13% (95% CI: 1.01-1.26, p=0.031); no significant association was observed in the medium and high FA-supplementation groups.

Conclusions: PM_2.5 exposure during pregnancy is positively associated with the risk of FT-LBW. FA supplementation has an effect modification on this association, and its risk is significantly increased only in the population with insufficient FA supplementation.

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全文标题：叶酸补充对细颗粒物暴露与足月低出生体重风险之间关系的影响调节作用。

目的：探讨妊娠期细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露与足月低出生体重（FT-LBW）风险的关系，并探讨补充叶酸（FA）对这一关系的影响。方法：本研究采用病例对照研究方法，于2024年1月至2025年6月在中国九江市收集了515例FT-LBW病例和1030例对照。采用土地利用回归模型确定孕妇孕期PM2.5暴露水平，采用问卷调查方式收集孕妇孕期3个月内FA补充情况。采用多因素logistic回归分析PM2.5暴露与FT-LBW风险之间的关系，并采用亚组分析检验补充FA的效果修改。结果：妊娠期PM2.5暴露量每增加10 μg/m3， FT-LBW风险增加8% （95% CI: 1.02-1.14, p=0.004）。亚组分析显示，在FA补充最低四分位数中，PM2.5暴露量每增加10 μg/m3， FT-LBW的风险增加13% (95% CI: 1.01-1.26, p=0.031)；在中、高脂肪酸补充组中没有观察到显著的关联。结论：孕期PM2.5暴露与FT-LBW风险呈正相关。补充FA对这一关联有影响，其风险仅在补充FA不足的人群中显著增加。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.