Comparative analysis of root anatomy, phytochemicals and gene expression in bolted and unbolted Saposhnikovia divaricata

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110568

Xiao Liu , Xijia Cui , Xiran Bi , Yi Cui , Yunhe Wang , Hongmei Lin , Zhuo Sun , Lin Cheng , Limin Yang , Zhongming Han , Jian Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., known as Fangfeng, is a highly valued traditional Chinese medicinal herb esteemed for its therapeutic properties. Premature bolting in S. divaricata adversely affects root yield and medicinal quality. This study aimed to compare root anatomical structures, active phytochemical contents, and gene expression differences between unbolted (UBF) and bolted (BF) S. divaricata plants, which can provide a theoretical foundation for elucidating potential mechanisms driving premature bolting for future research and practical applications. The result showed that UBF roots exhibited intact secondary xylem and wider secondary phloem, whereas BF roots showed fragmented secondary xylem with lignified parenchyma cells. Chromone concentrations were higher in UBF plants, particularly within the secondary phloem. Transcriptome analysis identified 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with bolting and flowering, 22 DEGs involved in plant hormone signal transduction pathways, including ETR, JAR1, EIN3, TCH4, GID2, ABF, BKI1, BSK, BIN, BZR1/2, CYCD3, and 11 DEGs involved in circadian rhythm pathways, including GI, ZTL, FT, PHYA, COP1, SPA, FKF1, were differentially expressed between BF and UBF groups, suggesting their potential role in regulating bolting and flowering in S. divaricata. These findings suggest that plant hormones and circadian rhythms may influence bolting and flowering in S. divaricata. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the mechanisms of bolting and flowering in this species and the Apiaceae family. However, premature bolting adversely affects root quality, necessitating further investigation into its regulatory mechanisms to improve cultivation practices.

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栓接与未栓接三叶草根系解剖结构、植物化学成分及基因表达的比较分析。

（土耳其）Schischk。被称为防风，是一种价值很高的中国传统草药，因其治疗特性而备受推崇。牡丹过早抽苔对其根系产量和药用品质有不利影响。本研究旨在比较未栓接（UBF）和栓接（BF）两种植物的根系解剖结构、活性化学物质含量和基因表达差异，为阐明过早栓接的潜在机制提供理论基础，为今后的研究和实际应用提供依据。结果表明：UBF根次生木质部完整，次生韧皮部较宽，而BF根次生木质部碎裂，薄壁细胞木质化。在UBF植物中，特别是在次生韧皮部中，色素浓度较高。转录组分析鉴定出33个与抽芽和开花相关的差异表达基因（DEGs），包括ETR、JAR1、EIN3、TCH4、GID2、ABF、BKI1、BSK、BIN、BZR1/2、CYCD3在内的22个与植物激素信号转导通路相关的基因（DEGs），以及GI、ZTL、FT、PHYA、COP1、SPA、FKF1等11个与昼夜节律通路相关的基因（DEGs），在BF组和UBF组之间存在差异表达，提示它们可能在抽芽和开花调控中发挥作用。这些结果表明，植物激素和昼夜节律可能影响金针花的抽苔和开花。这些研究结果可为分析该植物及蜂科植物抽苔和开花机理提供理论依据。然而，过早抽苔对根系质量有不利影响，需要进一步研究其调控机制，以改进栽培方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

11.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

410

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original theoretical, experimental and technical contributions in the various fields of plant physiology (biochemistry, physiology, structure, genetics, plant-microbe interactions, etc.) at diverse levels of integration (molecular, subcellular, cellular, organ, whole plant, environmental). Opinions expressed in the journal are the sole responsibility of the authors and publication does not imply the editors'' agreement. Manuscripts describing molecular-genetic and/or gene expression data that are not integrated with biochemical analysis and/or actual measurements of plant physiological processes are not suitable for PPB. Also "Omics" studies (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) reporting descriptive analysis without an element of functional validation assays, will not be considered. Similarly, applied agronomic or phytochemical studies that generate no new, fundamental insights in plant physiological and/or biochemical processes are not suitable for publication in PPB. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes several types of articles: Reviews, Papers and Short Papers. Articles for Reviews are either invited by the editor or proposed by the authors for the editor''s prior agreement. Reviews should not exceed 40 typewritten pages and Short Papers no more than approximately 8 typewritten pages. The fundamental character of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry remains that of a journal for original results.