The impact of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on ovarian function and oocyte quality: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Ovarian aging, premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), and decreased ovarian reserve (DOR) are major challenges in reproductive medicine, and few treatments are available to restore ovarian function reversibly. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous concentrate rich in bioactive growth factors, has been proposed as a regenerative therapy for reversing ovarian aging. Recent evidence suggests that PRP enhances the ovarian endocrine function and oocyte competence by stimulating major survival signals, reducing oxidative stress, and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Preliminary clinical evidence and case reports show the potential for successful reproduction following intraovarian PRP administration. By critically evaluating existing clinical evidence and discussing the molecular mechanisms involved, this article highlights the potential PRP to act as a minimally invasive, autologous, and novel fertility regenerative strategy. It also emphasized the implementation of standardized protocols and robust clinical trials to establish the effectiveness of PRP in reproductive medicine. Therefore, this review aims to critically evaluate existing literature on the effects reported to date, while highlighting the very-low-certainty evidence base and the imperative for large, sham-controlled randomized trials to confirm efficacy and long-term safety.