Prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among women in Chengdu from 2019 to 2024: a retrospective single-center study.

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Infectious Agents and Cancer Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI:10.1186/s13027-025-00698-4

Xiaolin Zhou, Jian Ma, Liping He, Hepei Li

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Abstract

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is closely associated with the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. This study comprehensively investigates HPV infection and subtype distribution among women in Chengdu from 2019 to 2024, aiming to provide scientific evidence for screening, prevention, and optimization of HPV vaccination strategies against cervical cancer and related diseases.

Methods: Cervical exfoliated cell specimens from 65,130 female patients attended Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women & Children Hospital from 2019 to 2024 were collected and detected 26 HPV gene subtypes using gene chip technology.

Results: Among the 65,130 women included in the study, 13,463 were HPV positive, with an overall detection rate of 20.67%. The single infection rate was 14.80%, and the multiple infection rate was 5.88%; the infection rates for pure HR-HPV, pure LR-HPV, and mixed infections were 13.86%, 3.90%, and 2.92%, respectively. The HPV detection rate was highest in those aged ≤ 20 years (46.01%) and among those aged > 60 years (35.37%), showing a bimodal distribution across ages. The top five HR-HPV subtypes detected were HPV52, 58, 16, 51, and 39, with infection rates of 3.71%, 2.81%, 2.56%, 1.83%, and 1.64%, respectively. The top three LR-HPV subtypes were HPV54, 42, and 40, with detection rates of 1.85%, 0.99%, and 0.93%, respectively. From 2019 to 2024, HPV detection showed a U-shaped trend, with a significant decrease in HPV16 detection rate and an increase in HPV42. Among other subtypes co-infected with the top five HR-HPV subtypes, HPV52 and HPV58 accounted for the highest proportion. After 2023, co-infections with LR-HPV increased.

Conclusion: During 2019-2024, the HPV infection rate among women in Chengdu was high with an increase in detection rates after 2023. The co-infection patterns of HR-HPV are complex. Infection rates are highest among women aged ≤ 20 years and > 60 years. Priority should be given to young women for vaccination. HPV screening should be strengthened for women across different age groups. Developing vaccines targeting locally prevalent HPV subtypes is crucial for reducing infection rates and preventing cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases.

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2019 - 2024年成都市女性HPV感染流行及基因型分布：一项回顾性单中心研究

目的：人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与宫颈癌的发生发展密切相关。本研究全面调查成都市2019 - 2024年女性HPV感染情况及亚型分布，旨在为宫颈癌及相关疾病的HPV筛查、预防和优化疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法：收集2019 - 2024年在四川省金新市新安妇幼医院就诊的65130例女性患者宫颈脱落细胞标本，采用基因芯片技术检测26种HPV基因亚型。结果：在纳入研究的65130名女性中，13463名HPV阳性，总检出率为20.67%。单次感染率为14.80%，多次感染率为5.88%；纯HR-HPV、纯LR-HPV和混合感染的感染率分别为13.86%、3.90%和2.92%。HPV检出率在≤20岁人群中最高（46.01%），在bb0 ~ 60岁人群中最高（35.37%），呈双峰分布。检出的HR-HPV亚型前5位分别为HPV52、58、16、51、39，感染率分别为3.71%、2.81%、2.56%、1.83%、1.64%。前3位的LR-HPV亚型分别为HPV54、42和40，检出率分别为1.85%、0.99%和0.93%。2019 - 2024年，HPV检出率呈u型趋势，HPV16检出率明显下降，HPV42检出率明显上升。在合并感染前5位HR-HPV亚型的其他亚型中，HPV52和HPV58所占比例最高。2023年之后，低致病性hpv合并感染增加。结论：2019-2024年成都市女性HPV感染率较高，2023年后检出率有所上升。人乳头瘤病毒合并感染的模式是复杂的。感染率最高的是20岁以下和60岁以下的妇女。应优先考虑年轻妇女接种疫苗。应加强对不同年龄组妇女的HPV筛查。开发针对当地流行的HPV亚型的疫苗对于降低感染率和预防宫颈癌和其他HPV相关疾病至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Agents and Cancer ONCOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infectious Agents and Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of basic, clinical, epidemiological and translational research providing an insight into the association between chronic infections and cancer. The journal welcomes submissions in the pathogen-related cancer areas and other related topics, in particular: • HPV and anogenital cancers, as well as head and neck cancers; • EBV and Burkitt lymphoma; • HCV/HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as lymphoproliferative diseases; • HHV8 and Kaposi sarcoma; • HTLV and leukemia; • Cancers in Low- and Middle-income countries. The link between infection and cancer has become well established over the past 50 years, and infection-associated cancer contribute up to 16% of cancers in developed countries and 33% in less developed countries. Preventive vaccines have been developed for only two cancer-causing viruses, highlighting both the opportunity to prevent infection-associated cancers by vaccination and the gaps that remain before vaccines can be developed for other cancer-causing agents. These gaps are due to incomplete understanding of the basic biology, natural history, epidemiology of many of the pathogens that cause cancer, the mechanisms they exploit to cause cancer, and how to interrupt progression to cancer in human populations. Early diagnosis or identification of lesions at high risk of progression represent the current most critical research area of the field supported by recent advances in genomics and proteomics technologies.