"Evolving Trends of Hypertension and Cerebral Infarction-Related Mortality in the United States from 2000-2020".

Abstract

Cerebral infarction remains a major health burden for the US population, with hypertension as its leading risk factor. However, its mortality trends remain understudied. Analyzing these trends helps identify high risk populations and shape future public health strategies. The study aimed to analyze the demographic and regional mortality trends and disparities of hypertension related cerebral infarction in the US population from 2000-2020. CDC Wonder database was utilized to extract death certificate data for hypertension-related cerebral infarction from 2000-2020. Crude mortality rates and Age adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) were calculated per 100,000. Joint point regression determined APC and 95% CI. Data was categorized by gender, sex, age, race / ethnicity, urbanization, census region and location of death. About 111,398 hypertension related cerebral infarction deaths occurred in the US between 2000-2020. The overall AAMR declined till 2014 followed by a nonsignificant increase in slope from 2014-2017 (APC: 27.9, 95% CI: -4.3 to 70.9) and significant increase from 2017-2020 (APC: 10.7; 95% CI: 0.6 to 21.8). Women initially had higher AAMR, but rates later increased in men. Non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks and the South showed increased AAMR. And compared to urban areas, rural areas had higher mortality trends. Most deaths occurred in medical facilities followed by nursing homes, homes, and hospices. In conclusion, the mortality declined till 2014 then increased later on with significantly higher rates in men, NH Blacks, the South and the rural areas highlighting the need to improve health care system.