Solvent-dependent metabolite profile and in vitro biological activity of frangipani (Plumeria rubra) leaf extracts.

IF 2.9 4区生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

3 Biotech Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI:10.1007/s13205-025-04533-w

Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih, Anjar Windarsih, Salsa Meidika Asari, Suci Indah Pratiwi, Nadia Udanti Suwanda, Eka Noviana, Eka Rahayu, Tri Wiyono

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the influence of different solvents on the extraction of bioactive compounds and the resulting biological activities of P. rubra leaves. Extracts were obtained via maceration using methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane, and evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (via DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching), antidiabetic activity (via α-glucosidase inhibition), and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli. The extracts were also analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to identify key functional groups and metabolite profiles. Methanol extract exhibited the highest TPC (482.22 mg GAE/g) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (91.23%), while ethanol extract showed superior antioxidant activity. All extracts demonstrated antibacterial effects, with the methanol extract showing the strongest inhibition against S. aureus (10.71 mm). LC-HRMS revealed that hexane extract contains mostly fatty acids and triterpenoids, while the primary compound, ursolic acid, was present in methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate at comparable quantities. Further chemometric analysis highlighted distinct metabolite profiles and identified pheophorbide A as a primary discriminant for extract classification. Our findings suggest that P. rubra leaves, particularly when extracted with polar solvents, are a promising source of natural antioxidants, antidiabetic agents, and antimicrobials for applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. In addition, the solvent-dependent phytochemical profiles can provide direction for further optimization of solvent composition for targeted metabolite extraction.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04533-w.

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鸡蛋花叶提取物的溶剂依赖性代谢物谱及体外生物活性。

本研究旨在探讨不同溶剂对红叶生物活性物质提取及其生物活性的影响。通过甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯和己烷浸渍获得提取物，并评估其总酚含量（TPC）、抗氧化活性（通过清除DPPH自由基和β-胡萝卜素漂白）、抗糖尿病活性（通过α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制）以及对金黄色葡萄球菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性。采用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）和液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS）对提取物进行分析，以确定关键官能团和代谢物谱。甲醇提取物具有最高的TPC （482.22 mg GAE/g）和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性（91.23%），而乙醇提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性。所有提取物均表现出抗菌作用，其中甲醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最强（10.71 mm）。LC-HRMS显示，己烷提取物主要含有脂肪酸和三萜，而主要化合物熊果酸在甲醇、乙醇和乙酸乙酯中含量相当。进一步的化学计量学分析突出了不同的代谢物谱，并确定了嗜磷素A作为提取物分类的主要判别因素。我们的研究结果表明，特别是当用极性溶剂提取时，红伪善叶是天然抗氧化剂、抗糖尿病剂和抗菌剂的有希望的来源，可用于制药、营养保健和功能食品。此外，溶剂依赖的植物化学谱可以为进一步优化靶向代谢物提取的溶剂组成提供指导。补充信息：在线版本包含补充资料，提供地址：10.1007/s13205-025-04533-w。

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来源期刊

3 Biotech Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

314

期刊介绍： 3 Biotech publishes the results of the latest research related to the study and application of biotechnology to: - Medicine and Biomedical Sciences - Agriculture - The Environment The focus on these three technology sectors recognizes that complete Biotechnology applications often require a combination of techniques. 3 Biotech not only presents the latest developments in biotechnology but also addresses the problems and benefits of integrating a variety of techniques for a particular application. 3 Biotech will appeal to scientists and engineers in both academia and industry focused on the safe and efficient application of Biotechnology to Medicine, Agriculture and the Environment.