Association Between Serum Syndecan 1 Levels and Metabolic Syndrome Parameters: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

IF 2.6 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI:10.1002/edm2.70108

Shima Tavalaie, Saeed Darroudi, Niloofar Shabani, Artemis AzadAra, Ali Mottaghi-Moghaddam, Mohammad Kalate Rahmani, Maryam Mohammadi-Bajgiran, Gordon A. Ferns, Maryam Saberi-Karimian, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan

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Abstract

Introduction

Previous studies have linked Syndecans (SDCs) to hypertension (HTN), BMI and the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD). The relationship between SDCs and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum SDC1 level and MetS.

Methods

This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted on the subjects from phase II of the MASHAD study. A total of 81 subjects were divided into three groups: (1) healthy controls (N = 26), (2) subjects with MetS and hypertension with serum ALT < 43 U/L (MetS+ HTN+ ALT–), (N = 29), and (3) subjects with MetS and hypertension with serum ALT ≥ 43 U/L (MetS+ HTN+ ALT+), (N = 26). Serum SDC1 levels were measured using a commercial ELISA kit. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26 and R version 4.0.5 software.

Results

The analysis showed that mean serum SDC1 levels did not significantly differ between healthy and MetS+ groups overall. Among MetS+ subjects, males had significantly higher SDC1 levels than females (17.57 ± 8.48 vs. 12.85 ± 5.59 ng/mL, p = 0.018). In the MetS+ HTN+ ALT+ group, males also had higher SDC1 levels compared to females (20.19 ± 10.56 vs. 11.82 ± 5.09 ng/mL, p = 0.020), while no significant differences were observed across the MetS groups overall (p = 0.474). Additionally, in both the total study sample and the MetS+ HTN+ ALT+ group, SDC1 levels were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.256, p = 0.021; r = 0.463, p = 0.017, respectively), with no significant associations found with other metabolic parameters.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that SDC1 levels are higher in males with MetS, particularly those with hypertension and elevated ALT, and are positively associated with DBP in both the total study sample and the MetS+ HTN+ ALT+ group. There were no significant associations with other metabolic parameters. This indicates that SDC1 may serve as a gender-specific biomarker for vascular risk in MetS, potentially aiding clinicians in identifying high-risk MetS subjects.

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血清Syndecan 1水平与代谢综合征参数之间的关系：一项比较横断面研究

先前的研究已将Syndecans （sdc）与高血压（HTN）、BMI和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患病率联系起来。sdc与代谢综合征（MetS）之间的关系尚未探讨。本研究旨在探讨血清SDC1水平与MetS之间的关系。方法：对MASHAD二期研究的受试者进行比较横断面研究。81例受试者分为3组：(1)健康对照组（N = 26），(2)血清ALT+ HTN+ ALT - 43 U/L的met伴高血压患者（N = 29），(3)血清ALT≥43 U/L的met伴高血压患者（MetS+ HTN+ ALT+）（N = 26）。使用商用ELISA试剂盒检测血清SDC1水平。数据分析采用SPSS version 26和R version 4.0.5软件。结果分析显示，健康组和met +组之间的平均血清SDC1水平总体上没有显著差异。在met +受试者中，男性的SDC1水平显著高于女性（17.57±8.48 vs. 12.85±5.59 ng/mL, p = 0.018）。在MetS+ HTN+ ALT+组中，男性的SDC1水平也高于女性（20.19±10.56 vs. 11.82±5.09 ng/mL, p = 0.020），而MetS组之间总体上没有显著差异（p = 0.474）。此外，在总研究样本和MetS+ HTN+ ALT+组中，SDC1水平与舒张压（DBP）呈正相关（r = 0.256, p = 0.021; r = 0.463, p = 0.017），与其他代谢参数无显著相关性。这些研究结果表明，SDC1水平在met男性患者中较高，特别是高血压和ALT升高的男性患者，并且在总研究样本和MetS+ HTN+ ALT+组中与DBP呈正相关。与其他代谢参数无显著相关性。这表明SDC1可以作为MetS血管风险的性别特异性生物标志物，潜在地帮助临床医生识别高风险的MetS受试者。

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