Early-stage profiles of adolescent mental health difficulties and well-being: A systematic review of cluster analyses in large school and community samples

IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES
Marc Bennett, Claire O'Dwyer, Varsha Eswara-Murthy, Tim Dalgleish, Foiniki Nearchou
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Abstract

Traditional diagnostic and services pathways often overlook the nuanced ways that mental health problems and strengths appear in community settings. Some researchers have therefore used person-centered statistics—or clustering analyses—to identify profiles of socioemotional and behavioral difficulties and well-being traits in preclinical settings such as schools and communities. The objective of this review was to synthesize common adolescent mental health profiles within the literature and examine the state of the science. A systematic review of the literature was completed. Only studies that assessed multiple types of difficulties and/or strengths across community and/or school samples were included. A total of 3960 studies were screened, and k = 13 were included. Data extraction focused on the types of clusters in each included study, along with associated information like standardized scores, qualitative descriptions, sample size, and demographic characteristics. Data were integrated using a narrative synthesis, and meta-analysis was used to investigate the prevalence of each cluster. Data were reviewed from n = 103,098 adolescents in 10 countries across 3 World Health Organization (WHO) Regions with a mean (SD) age of 13.72 ± 1.76 years. A total of 59 clusters were identified, and these consisted of 6 main cluster types. The 4 most prevalent cluster types described patterns of Flourishing, Moderate Mental Health, Struggling, and Mental Health Problems. The other 2 cluster types were less prevalent and associated with Languishing or Asymptomatic presentations. Cluster types also differed with respect to the intensity, complexity, and depth of the core profile features. This review describes commonly identified mental health profiles in large representative samples of adolescents. The quality of included studies was generally acceptable, but the literature suffers from variance in how clusters are generated and how mental health is assessed. Overall, this review can guide the development of new classifications of youth mental health and inform early-stage intervention approaches in community settings.

Abstract Image

青少年心理健康困难和幸福感的早期概况:对大型学校和社区样本的聚类分析的系统回顾
传统的诊断和服务途径往往忽视了精神健康问题和优势在社区环境中出现的微妙方式。因此,一些研究人员使用以人为中心的统计或聚类分析来确定临床前环境(如学校和社区)中社会情感和行为困难以及幸福特征的概况。本综述的目的是综合文献中常见的青少年心理健康概况,并检查科学状况。完成了对文献的系统综述。仅包括评估社区和/或学校样本中多种类型的困难和/或优势的研究。共筛选3960项研究,纳入k = 13。数据提取侧重于每个纳入研究的集群类型,以及标准化分数、定性描述、样本量和人口统计学特征等相关信息。采用叙事综合法对数据进行整合,并采用荟萃分析来调查每个群集的患病率。数据来自世界卫生组织(WHO) 3个区域10个国家的103098名青少年,平均(SD)年龄为13.72±1.76岁。共鉴定出59个聚类,包括6种主要聚类类型。四种最普遍的集群类型描述了繁荣、中等心理健康、挣扎和心理健康问题的模式。其他2种类型较少流行,与衰弱或无症状表现相关。簇类型在核心剖面特征的强度、复杂性和深度方面也有所不同。本综述描述了大量代表性青少年样本中常见的心理健康概况。纳入研究的质量总体上是可以接受的,但文献在如何产生聚类和如何评估心理健康方面存在差异。总的来说,这篇综述可以指导新的青少年心理健康分类的发展,并为社区设置的早期干预方法提供信息。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Multidisciplinary and international in scope, the Journal of Research on Adolescence (JRA) significantly advances knowledge in the field of adolescent research. Employing a diverse array of methodologies, this compelling journal publishes original research and integrative reviews of the highest level of scholarship. Featured studies include both quantitative and qualitative methodologies applied to cognitive, physical, emotional, and social development and behavior. Articles pertinent to the variety of developmental patterns inherent throughout adolescence are featured, including cross-national and cross-cultural studies. Attention is given to normative patterns of behavior as well as individual differences rooted in personal or social and cultural factors.
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