Resistance Exercise Intervention Restores Functional Capacity and Improves Frailty Biomarkers in Centenarians

IF 9.1 1区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI:10.1002/jcsm.70079

Diego Marcos-Perez, Adrián Hernandez-Vicente, Sara Cruces-Salguero, Jon Landa, Michelle Bonvini, German Vicente-Rodríguez, Esther Pueyo, Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas, Pedro Abizanda, David Otaegui, Nuria Garatachea, Ander Matheu

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Abstract

Background

Centenarians comprise an age group characterized by exceptional longevity and low age-associated pathologies. However, they still experience physiological decline, and different studies have linked frailty to this population. Exercise interventions reverse frailty and improve functional capacity, but no studies have addressed the effect of an intervention in centenarians. In this study, we assessed the impact of a 12-week resistance exercise intervention in a group of centenarians and characterized their functional capacity as well as the expression of several molecular biomarkers associated with frailty.

Methods

A total of 19 centenarians were enrolled, but 7 of them did not complete the study. The remaining 12 centenarians were randomly assigned to the control or intervention group, which was a 12-week resistance exercise intervention. Molecular biomarkers were measured by qRT-PCR and ELISA.

Results

The intervention group improved their functional capacity measured by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (post 5.0 vs 2.3 in pre) and Physical Performance and Mobility Examination (PPME) (6.5 vs 3.8), as well as in frailty status studied by Fried Frailty Phenotype (3.0 vs 3.8) and Frailty Trait Scale 5 (FTS5) (post 30.7 vs 34.0 in pre) scales. ANCOVA revealed that the resistance training led to significant improvements in functional capacity scales SPPB (p = 0.01) and PPME (p < 0.001), as well as Fried Frailty Phenotype (p = 0.001) and FTS5 (p = 0.05). Biomarkers related to frailty (EGR1, miR194-5p, miR125b-5p and miR454-3p) and inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1β) showed different expression patterns in centenarians (n = 19) compared to both old (n = 44, average of 79 years old) and young adults (n = 34, average of 29 years old) groups. Notably, the intervention was associated with improvements in frailty and inflammation biomarkers expression. Finally, correlation analyses showed significant associations between all functional and frailty variables, with SPPB correlating with miR454-3p (ρ = 0.73) and FTS5 correlating with miR454-3p (ρ = −0.83), IL-6 (ρ = 0.60) and miR125b-5p (ρ = −0.55).

Conclusions

Our results revealed that resistance exercise intervention enhances functional status and reduces frailty in centenarians, and this is associated with improvements in frailty and inflammation biomarkers.

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抗阻运动干预恢复百岁老人的功能能力和改善脆弱的生物标志物

百岁老人是一个以长寿和低年龄相关疾病为特征的年龄组。然而，他们仍然会经历生理衰退，不同的研究将脆弱与这一人群联系起来。运动干预可以逆转虚弱并提高功能能力，但没有研究表明干预对百岁老人的影响。在这项研究中，我们评估了一组百岁老人12周阻力运动干预的影响，并描述了他们的功能能力以及与虚弱相关的几种分子生物标志物的表达。方法共纳入19名百岁老人，其中7人未完成研究。其余12名百岁老人被随机分配到对照组或干预组，进行为期12周的阻力运动干预。采用qRT - PCR和ELISA检测分子生物标志物。结果干预组通过短体能测试（SPPB）（5.0 vs2.3）和体能和活动能力测试（PPME）（6.5 vs3.8）测量的功能能力得到改善，并通过Fried虚弱表型（3.0 vs3.8）和虚弱性状量表5 (FTS5) （30.7 vs34.0）量表研究虚弱状态。ANCOVA显示，阻力训练导致功能能力量表SPPB （p = 0.01）和PPME （p < 0.001）以及Fried脆性表型（p = 0.001）和FTS5 （p = 0.05）的显著改善。与老年组（n = 44，平均79岁）和年轻组（n = 34，平均29岁）相比，百岁老人（n = 19）中与衰弱相关的生物标志物（EGR1, miR194‐5p， miR125b‐5p和miR454‐3p）和炎症（IL‐6和IL‐1β）的表达模式不同。值得注意的是，干预与虚弱和炎症生物标志物表达的改善有关。最后，相关分析显示所有功能和脆弱变量之间存在显著相关性，SPPB与miR454‐3p相关（ρ = 0.73）， FTS5与miR454‐3p （ρ =−0.83）、IL‐6 （ρ = 0.60）和miR125b‐5p相关（ρ =−0.55）。结论抗阻运动干预可改善百岁老人的功能状态，降低机体虚弱程度，这与机体虚弱和炎症生物标志物的改善有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

12.40%

发文量

234

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle is a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing materials related to cachexia and sarcopenia, as well as body composition and its physiological and pathophysiological changes across the lifespan and in response to various illnesses from all fields of life sciences. The journal aims to provide a reliable resource for professionals interested in related research or involved in the clinical care of affected patients, such as those suffering from AIDS, cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic lung disease, liver cirrhosis, chronic kidney failure, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis.