Trends in interstitial lung disease and the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States from 1999 to 2022.

IF 5.8 2区医学 Q1 Medicine

Respiratory Research Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI:10.1186/s12931-025-03350-2

Charles Leary, Christopher Bine, Nikita Baral, Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar, Anum Mirza, Mohsin Mirza, Abubakar Tauseef

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Abstract

Introduction: Although the population was aging, interstitial lung disease mortality had remained relatively stable until it rose following the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Despite the consistent overall mortality trend prior to the pandemic, significant demographic and geographic disparities persist across the country.

Methods: Disparities in ILD-related mortality were analyzed temporally using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research (CDC WONDER) database. Using ICD Codes J84.1, J84.8, and J84.9 ILD-related crude mortality (CMR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were calculated, and the Join-point Regression Program was used to determine mortality trends between 1999 and 2022. ILD-related mortality was identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, and clinical modification codes J84.1 (Other interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis), J84.8 (Other specified interstitial pulmonary diseases), and J84.9 (Interstitial pulmonary disease, unspecified) were used in patients ≥ 45 years.

Results: Based on the results of this study, there have been 609,157 deaths due to ILD during this study period, with the highest mortality rates seen in the Non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian or Alaskan Native population, and the lowest mortality rates seen in the NH African American population. Hispanic or Latinos and NH Whites experienced similar mortality. Males had higher mortality rates than females in all racial groups. Regarding region, the Northeast had significantly lower mortality rates than all other census areas throughout the entire study period. The results of this study demonstrate large increases in AAMR at the onset of COVID-19 beginning in 2020, peaking in 2021, and decreasing in 2022.

Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic posed unique challenges to our society, especially for patients with interstitial lung disease. While further research is needed to better understand these trends, it is concerning that ILD-related mortality increased throughout the study period. Medical professionals should be cognizant of these trends when treating patients diagnosed with ILD.

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1999年至2022年美国间质性肺病和COVID-19大流行的趋势

导论：尽管人口在老龄化，但间质性肺病死亡率一直保持相对稳定，直到美国COVID-19大流行后才有所上升。尽管大流行之前总体死亡率趋势一致，但全国各地的人口和地理差异仍然很大。方法：使用疾病控制和预防中心流行病学研究广泛在线数据（CDC WONDER）数据库分析ild相关死亡率的时间性差异。使用ICD代码J84.1、J84.8和J84.9计算ild相关粗死亡率（CMR）和年龄调整死亡率（AAMR），并采用联结点回归程序确定1999 - 2022年的死亡率趋势。使用国际疾病分类第10版确定ild相关死亡率，临床修改代码J84.1（其他间质性肺疾病合并纤维化），J84.8（其他特定间质性肺疾病）和J84.9（间质性肺疾病，未指明）用于≥45岁的患者。结果：根据本研究的结果，在本研究期间，有609,157人死于ILD，其中非西班牙裔（NH）美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加土著人口的死亡率最高，NH非洲裔美国人口的死亡率最低。西班牙裔或拉丁裔和NH白人的死亡率相似。在所有种族群体中，男性的死亡率都高于女性。就地区而言，在整个研究期间，东北地区的死亡率明显低于所有其他人口普查地区。本研究结果表明，从2020年开始，新冠肺炎发病时，AAMR大幅上升，2021年达到峰值，2022年下降。结论：COVID-19大流行给我们的社会带来了独特的挑战，特别是对间质性肺疾病患者。虽然需要进一步研究以更好地了解这些趋势，但令人担忧的是，在整个研究期间，与ild相关的死亡率有所增加。医疗专业人员在治疗被诊断为ILD的患者时应认识到这些趋势。

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来源期刊

Respiratory Research RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

1.70%

发文量

314

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Respiratory Research publishes high-quality clinical and basic research, review and commentary articles on all aspects of respiratory medicine and related diseases. As the leading fully open access journal in the field, Respiratory Research provides an essential resource for pulmonologists, allergists, immunologists and other physicians, researchers, healthcare workers and medical students with worldwide dissemination of articles resulting in high visibility and generating international discussion. Topics of specific interest include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, genetics, infectious diseases, interstitial lung diseases, lung development, lung tumors, occupational and environmental factors, pulmonary circulation, pulmonary pharmacology and therapeutics, respiratory immunology, respiratory physiology, and sleep-related respiratory problems.