Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training in Hypoxia Versus Normoxia on Body Composition and Metabolic Health in Overweight and/or Obese Populations: an Updated Meta-Analysis.

IF 5.9 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Li Ding, Jin Huang, Bin Chen, Jue Liu, Li Guo, Yinhang Cao, Olivier Girard
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Abstract

Background: While aerobic training is well-established for improving body composition and metabolic health in normoxia, its effectiveness in hypoxia remains unclear.

Objective: This meta-analysis examines whether aerobic training in hypoxia is more effective than in normoxia for improving body composition and metabolic health in overweight and/or obese individuals, and identifies optimal exercise prescription variables.

Methods: A search of five databases was conducted through 10 November 2024. Random-effects meta-analyses evaluated body composition (e.g., body mass and fat mass) and metabolic health markers (e.g., triglycerides and glucose). Subgroup analyses were performed based on hypoxic severity, hypoxic dose, exercise duration, frequency, session length, and age.

Results: Aerobic training in hypoxia resulted in greater reductions in body mass (mean difference [MD] = -0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.80 to -0.01), triglycerides (MD = -10.78, 95% CI: -20.68 to -0.88), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = -3.74, 95% CI: -6.92 to -0.56, p < 0.05), and insulin resistance (MD = -0.22, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.11) (all p < 0.05), with a trend towards larger fat mass loss (MD = -1.22, 95% CI: -2.59 to 0.15, p = 0.08). These benefits were more prominent in moderate hypoxia (inspired oxygen fraction [FiO2] ≥ 15%), with hypoxic dose ≥ 55 km·h, in individuals < 40 years, and with protocols involving ≥ 4 days/week, ≥ 60-min sessions, and < 8 weeks of training.

Conclusion: Aerobic training in hypoxia is more effective than in normoxia for reducing body mass, fat mass, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin resistance in overweight and/or obese individuals. These findings could help inform obesity management strategies using hypoxic training.

低氧与常氧条件下有氧运动训练对超重和/或肥胖人群身体成分和代谢健康的影响:一项最新的荟萃分析
背景:虽然有氧训练在常氧环境下可以改善身体成分和代谢健康,但其在缺氧环境下的有效性尚不清楚。目的:本荟萃分析探讨了在低氧条件下有氧训练是否比在正常氧条件下更有效地改善超重和/或肥胖个体的身体成分和代谢健康,并确定最佳运动处方变量。方法:检索5个数据库,截止到2024年11月10日。随机效应荟萃分析评估了身体组成(如体重和脂肪量)和代谢健康指标(如甘油三酯和葡萄糖)。根据缺氧严重程度、缺氧剂量、运动持续时间、频率、运动时长和年龄进行亚组分析。结果:低氧条件下有氧训练导致个体体质量(平均差值[MD] = -0.90, 95%可信区间[CI]: -1.80 ~ -0.01)、甘油三酯(MD = -10.78, 95% CI: -20.68 ~ -0.88)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(MD = -3.74, 95% CI: -6.92 ~ -0.56, p 2]≥15%)下降更大,低氧剂量≥55 km·h。在超重和/或肥胖个体中,低氧有氧训练比正常氧下更有效地降低体重、脂肪量、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和胰岛素抵抗。这些发现有助于通过低氧训练为肥胖管理策略提供信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sports Medicine - Open
Sports Medicine - Open SPORT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
4.30%
发文量
142
审稿时长
13 weeks
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