Hot Yoga: A Systematic Review of the Physiological, Functional and Psychological Responses and Adaptations.

IF 5.9 2区 医学 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES
Ashley G B Willmott, Carl A James, Matthew Jewiss, Oliver R Gibson, Franck Brocherie, Jessica A Mee
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Hot yoga is a collective term used to classify any form of yoga undertaken in warm to hot ambient conditions (≥ 25 °C). This study systematically reviewed the literature concerning hot yoga, with particular focus on acute responses to a single session and identifying prospective health benefits associated with physiological, functional and psychology adaptations following chronic practice.

Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), with searches performed across two main databases (PubMed and SCOPUS). Studies were included if they met the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) criteria, were of English language, peer-reviewed, full-text original articles, and using human participants.

Results: Forty-three studies investigated the effects of hot yoga (both acute and/or chronic), totalling 942 participants (76% female). The most common method of yoga performed in hot conditions was Bikram (74%), followed by generalised hot yoga (19%), Hatha (5%) and then Vinyasa (2%). Typical session duration ranged 20-90 min and occurred within 30-52 °C and 20-60% relative humidity. Hot yoga training interventions consisted of 6-36 sessions, that were completed 2-6 times per week, over 1-16 weeks. Acute hot yoga increased body temperature and heart rate, but not the energetic demands when compared to other forms of non-heated yoga. Chronic hot yoga appeared to elicit cardiometabolic (e.g. body composition, lipid profiles and macrovascular function) and functional adaptations applicable for health (e.g., bone mineral density, balance and flexibility) as well as physical performance (e.g., submaximal exercise thresholds). Adaptations appear to occur without negatively impacting kidney function or sleep quality across healthy, sedentary and athletic populations. Hot yoga also presents promising, albeit inconclusive findings concerning the alleviation of psychological and affective disorders, and optimising markers of cognitive function. However, caution is advised as case studies report ill-health following hot yoga practice. Some literature lacks rigorous, high-quality experimental designs and sophisticated measurements that allow for mechanistic investigation.

Conclusion: Investigations into hot yoga demonstrate intriguing health and functional benefits. However, claims that hot yoga provides greater health benefits than other forms of yoga or traditional exercise are at present unsubstantiated. Studies describing beneficial effects of hot yoga often do not utilise robust experimental designs or methods that facilitate mechanistic insights. Hot yoga warrants further investigation as a tool to improve health and wellbeing. Researchers should consider the highlighted methodological limitations and recommendations to strengthen experimental work within future research.

热瑜伽:生理,功能和心理反应和适应的系统回顾。
背景:热瑜伽是一个总称,用于分类在温暖到炎热的环境条件下(≥25°C)进行的任何形式的瑜伽。本研究系统地回顾了有关热瑜伽的文献,特别关注单次练习的急性反应,并确定长期练习后与生理、功能和心理适应相关的潜在健康益处。方法:根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)进行综述,并在两个主要数据库(PubMed和SCOPUS)中进行检索。符合人群、干预、比较和结果(PICO)标准的研究被纳入,这些研究是英语的,同行评审的,全文原创文章,并且使用人类参与者。结果:43项研究调查了热瑜伽的效果(急性和/或慢性),共有942名参与者(76%为女性)。在炎热条件下最常见的瑜伽方法是高温瑜伽(74%),其次是普通热瑜伽(19%)、哈达瑜伽(5%)和串联瑜伽(2%)。典型的会话持续时间为20-90分钟,发生在30-52°C和20-60%相对湿度下。热瑜伽训练干预包括6-36次,每周完成2-6次,持续1-16周。与其他形式的非加热瑜伽相比,急性热瑜伽会提高体温和心率,但不会增加能量需求。慢性热瑜伽似乎能引起心脏代谢(如身体组成、脂质分布和大血管功能)和适用于健康的功能适应(如骨密度、平衡和柔韧性)以及身体表现(如亚极限运动阈值)。在健康、久坐和运动人群中,适应似乎不会对肾功能或睡眠质量产生负面影响。热瑜伽在减轻心理和情感障碍以及优化认知功能标记方面也表现出了很有希望的,尽管还没有结论性的发现。然而,建议谨慎,因为案例研究报告了热瑜伽练习后的不健康状况。一些文献缺乏严格的、高质量的实验设计和复杂的测量方法来进行机械研究。结论:对热瑜伽的研究显示出有趣的健康和功能益处。然而,声称热瑜伽比其他形式的瑜伽或传统运动更有益于健康的说法目前还没有得到证实。描述热瑜伽有益效果的研究通常不使用可靠的实验设计或方法来促进机制见解。热瑜伽作为一种改善健康和幸福的工具值得进一步研究。研究人员应考虑突出的方法局限性和建议,以便在未来的研究中加强实验工作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Sports Medicine - Open
Sports Medicine - Open SPORT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
4.30%
发文量
142
审稿时长
13 weeks
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