Climate adaptation in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in humanitarian crises: research and innovation priorities.

Abstract

The climate crisis is having profound and far-reaching consequences for humanitarian Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) systems. Rising global temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and an increase in extreme weather events are placing unprecedented strain on WASH services, particularly in vulnerable humanitarian contexts. As climate-induced disruptions intensify, humanitarian actors face significant challenges in ensuring access to clean water, adequate sanitation, and hygiene services. Displaced populations, communities facing food insecurity, and regions already experiencing conflict are particularly at risk, as climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities. This paper outlines opportunities for research and innovation that will support humanitarian WASH to respond to the climate challenge. It is the result of a research process, incorporating a literature review, analysis of field data, expert insights, and survey responses. The study outlines eleven actionable research and innovation priorities for the humanitarian WASH sector related to improving water security, strengthening sanitation infrastructure, and enhancing public health responses. The findings emphasise the urgent need for climate-adaptive WASH solutions that not only address current risks but also build resilience to future climate shocks.