“The Pause That Refreshes”: American Servicemen on R&R in Australia, 1967–1971

IF 0.6 4区 社会学 Q1 HISTORY
Chris Dixon, Jon Piccini
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nearly 10% of the 3 million Americans who served in Vietnam spent one week of “R&R” leave in Australia—principally in Sydney. This “friendly invasion” constitutes a substantial neglected legacy of the conflict. Across dozens of oral history interviews and memoirs, US servicemen recall with fondness their week-long respite in a nation that was at once comfortably familiar and safely distinct. Their preconceptions of Australia were framed by racialised and sexualised imaginaries. Comforted by the prospect of spending time in a predominantly “White” nation, White Americans were candid about their desire to enjoy the company of Australian women. At the same time, perceptions of Australian racism and immigration exclusion framed the expectations of African American servicemen. Reality, however, was more complicated, and undermines easy assumptions. While Australian memory of the scheme centres on its supposedly dramatic role in Sydney's nightlife district, Kings Cross, the experiences of Americans were far more diverse than such narratives would suggest. Perhaps surprisingly, the experiences of African American and Latino servicemen in Australia were also frequently welcoming and non-discriminatory. Individual Australians were more colour-blind in their everyday interactions than their governments, reinforcing scholarly findings regarding the reception of Black servicemen during the Second World War.

Abstract Image

“让人耳目一新的暂停”:1967-1971年在澳大利亚休整的美国军人
在越南服役的300万美国人中,有近10%的人在澳大利亚度过了一周的“休养”假期——主要是在悉尼。这种“友好入侵”构成了这场冲突遗留下来的被忽视的重大问题。在数十份口述历史采访和回忆录中,美国军人满怀喜悦地回忆起他们在这个既熟悉又安全的国家度过的一周休息时光。他们对澳大利亚的先入为主的观念被种族化和性化的想象所框定。在一个以“白人”为主的国家度过一段美好时光的前景让美国白人感到欣慰,他们坦率地表示希望享受澳大利亚女性的陪伴。与此同时,对澳大利亚种族主义和排斥移民的看法影响了非洲裔美国军人的期望。然而,现实要复杂得多,也破坏了简单的假设。虽然澳大利亚人对该计划的记忆集中在它在悉尼夜生活区国王十字(Kings Cross)所扮演的戏剧性角色上,但美国人的经历远比这些叙述所暗示的要多样化得多。也许令人惊讶的是,非裔美国人和拉丁裔军人在澳大利亚的经历也经常受到欢迎和不受歧视。澳大利亚人在日常交往中比他们的政府更不考虑肤色,这加强了关于第二次世界大战期间接受黑人军人的学术发现。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: The Australian Journal of Politics and History presents papers addressing significant problems of general interest to those working in the fields of history, political studies and international affairs. Articles explore the politics and history of Australia and modern Europe, intellectual history, political history, and the history of political thought. The journal also publishes articles in the fields of international politics, Australian foreign policy, and Australia relations with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region.
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