[Impact of gender roles on alcohol dependence].

Abstract

This article explores the impact of gender roles on the development, course, and treatment of alcohol use disorders. Epidemiological data reveal significant gender differences in prevalence, patterns of use, and comorbidities related to alcohol dependence. These differences are not solely biologically determined but also reflect the social construction of gender and culturally specific role expectations. Traditional masculinity norms are associated with increased alcohol consumption, reduced help-seeking behavior, and greater propensity for violence, while women are more likely to experience internalizing mental illnes and societal stigma. LGBTIQ* individuals are particularly vulnerable due to minority stress and structural barriers. This article advocates for gender-sensitive addiction care that addresses psychosocial stressors, trauma, and systemic inequalities. It emphasizes the need to critically examine rigid gender roles, which may exacerbate problems and hinder effective treatment.