Swollen lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: A forgotten prognostic signal in need of clinical action.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality. While the extent of nodal involvement is a well-known prognostic factor, the specific entity of swollen lymph node metastasis (SLNM), bulky nodal tumor deposits detectable radiologically or pathologically, has received little attention in staging. Recent data from a study by Cui et al demonstrated that SLNM is an independent predictor of very poor survival in GC. Through robust data and rigorous propensity-matched analyses, SLNM emerged not merely as an anatomical finding but as an independent predictor of poor prognosis, even among patients undergoing curative resection. As precision oncology advances, the findings by Cui et al urge a fundamental rethinking of how SLNM is incorporated into clinical decision-making for GC management. In this editorial, we critically examine the prognostic significance of SLNM, challenge its omission from traditional staging frameworks, and advocate for its formal integration into preoperative risk stratification and treatment planning. Recognizing SLNM at diagnosis could unlock intensified neoadjuvant therapy strategies and optimize outcomes for a historically high-risk patient subgroup.