Virulence, Phylogenetic Grouping, and Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Extraintestinal Escherichia coli in Clinical Isolates From Northwest Mexico.

IF 3.2 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY
International Journal of Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-09-19 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/ijm/8881117
Ana María Castañeda-Meléndrez, Patricia Catalina García-Cervantes, María Elena Báez-Flores, Aldo Francisco Clemente-Soto, Edwin Barrios-Villa, Rodolfo Bernal-Reynaga
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a highly diverse bacterial species that is canonically commensal; however, its genomic characteristics have enabled its evolution into pathogens capable of causing extraintestinal infections (ExPEC), which pose significant clinical challenges because of the variety of sites that can infect (mainly the urinary tract) and the multidrug resistance associated with these strains. The present study is aimed at characterizing ExPEC isolates recovered from the wards of a hospital in Sinaloa, Mexico, to establish their virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles, as well as the phylogenetic group. Then, 200 Escherichia coli isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility were confirmed by the VITEK-2 automated system. Virulence factor genes and phylogenetic grouping were performed through endpoint and multiplex PCRs. Then, 59% of the strains produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and 71.5% were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR), exhibiting high resistance rates to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and various cephalosporins. In this sense, 68.5% and 33% of the isolates were positive for the blaCTX-M1-8 and blaCTX-M9 genes, respectively, both associated with resistance to cefotaxime. Furthermore, 37% of the isolates harbored the blaOXA48 gene, which is linked to resistance to oxacillin-type β-lactams. Moreover, 143 (71.5%) of them were classified as MDR. Regarding virulence, the distribution of toxin genes such as hlyA and vat was 16.5% and 24.5%, respectively. Adhesins papC and fimA were found in 62% and 34%, respectively. Additionally, the iron acquisition systems and outer membrane proteins such as iutA (74%), fyuA (63%), iroN (10%), agn43 (82%), and kpsmTII (34.5%) were present in the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed a predominance of group B2 (46%), followed by groups A (13.5%) and E (10.5%). These findings highlight the complexity and challenges posed by ExPEC strains in terms of antimicrobial resistance and virulence relevant to public health in hospital settings.

墨西哥西北部临床分离株肠外大肠杆菌的毒力、系统发育类群和耐药性特征。
大肠杆菌是一种高度多样化的细菌物种,通常是共生的;然而,其基因组特征使其进化为能够引起肠外感染(ExPEC)的病原体,由于可感染部位的多样性(主要是尿路)以及与这些菌株相关的多药耐药,这给临床带来了重大挑战。本研究旨在鉴定从墨西哥锡那罗亚一家医院病房中分离出的肠外球菌,以确定其毒力和抗菌素耐药性特征,以及系统发育类群。然后用VITEK-2全自动系统对200株大肠杆菌进行抗菌敏感性鉴定。通过终点和多重pcr进行毒力因子基因和系统发育分组。59%的菌株产生广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs), 71.5%的菌株为多重耐药(MDR),对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、环丙沙星及各种头孢菌素等抗生素具有较高的耐药率。blaCTX-M1-8和blaCTX-M9基因分别为68.5%和33%的阳性,两者均与头孢噻肟耐药有关。此外,37%的分离株携带blaOXA48基因,该基因与对oxacillin型β-内酰胺的抗性有关。其中143例(71.5%)为MDR。毒力方面,hlyA和vat等毒素基因的分布分别为16.5%和24.5%。粘连素papC和fimA分别占62%和34%。此外,分离株中还存在铁获取系统和外膜蛋白,如iutA(74%)、fyuA(63%)、iron(10%)、agn43(82%)和kpsmTII(34.5%)。系统发育分析显示,B2类群(46%)占优势,其次为a类群(13.5%)和E类群(10.5%)。这些发现突出了ExPEC菌株在医院环境中与公共卫生相关的抗菌素耐药性和毒力方面所带来的复杂性和挑战。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
57
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Microbiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on microorganisms and their interaction with hosts and the environment. The journal covers all microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. Basic science will be considered, as well as medical and applied research.
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