Self-assessment of sleep patterns using Hindi translated version of Children's Report of Sleep Patterns questionnaire in adolescents in India.

Abstract

Background: Adolescents' sleep problems are commonly assessed by parents' interview.

Aim: To translate self-reported Children's Report of Sleep Patterns (CRSP) questionnaire in Hindi language (CRSP-H) and assess sleep pattern of adolescents.

Methods: CRSP questionnaire was translated in Hindi language following standard guideline. Translated CRSP-H was used for adolescents (11-18 years) of 7^th-12^th grade to assess their sleep pattern in term of sleep duration, Sleep Hygiene Indices (Caffeine Index, Activities Hour Before Bed index, Sleep Location Index, and Electronics Use at Sleep Onset Index), Sleep Disturbance Scores (Bedtime Fear/Worries Scale, Restless Legs Scale, Parasomnias Scale, and Insomnia Scale), and Sleep Patterns.

Results: Participants included 231 children (boys 55%; age 14.1 ± 1.6 years; class VII/VIII/IX/X/XI/XII 17.8%, 20.8%, 29.4%, 13.4%, 13.8%, and 4.8%, respectively; time taken 20.8 ± 7.2 min). Sleep duration on weekdays and weekends were 7.4 ± 1.2 and 9.0 ± 1.5 hours, respectively. 138 (67.6%) participants were good sleepers. Sleep Disturbance Scores were worse in poor sleepers. Senior grade students had shorter sleep on weekdays (P = 0.04) and weekends (P = 0.04). Bedtime for 57.1% was between 9 and 11 pm on weekdays and 61% after 11 pm on weekends. Poor sleepers had higher (P < 0.01) Electronic Use at Sleep Onset, Bedtime Fears, Restless Leg Syndrome Symptoms, and Insomnia in comparison to good sleepers. Poor sleepers had significantly higher (P < 0.01) sleepiness and bed wetting scores (P = 0.02).

Conclusion: Adolescents sleep for 7.4 hours on weekdays and 9 hours on weekends respectively. Higher classes and higher Sleep Disturbance Scores are associated with reduced sleep duration.