Explorative Detection of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Exhaled Breath of Patients With Breast Cancer

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI:10.1002/cam4.71279

Francesco Segrado, Alessio Polymeropoulos, Michela Bianchi, Chiara Veronese, Roberto Agresti, Gianfranco Scaperrotta, Roberto Boffi, Rosalba Miceli, Rosaria Orlandi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous messenger with pleiotropic functions, plays a role in cancer, including breast cancer (BC). Considering the high permeability and leakiness of NO across tissues and the increased levels of NO recently reported in exhaled breath and blood of patients with lung cancer, we explored exhaled NO levels in patients with BC in a future perspective of non-invasive cancer detection.

Patients and Methods

Fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) levels were detected in the breath of 192 women with BC and malignancy-free controls employing a widely used point-of-care (POC)-based system previously developed for asthma monitoring.

Results

FeNO levels were lower in BC patients compared to controls, with the lowest levels in women with HER2-expressing tumors. In univariate and multivariate analyses and after adjustment for age, smoking, and asthma, this difference was not significant. The effects of smoking were not statistically significant, whereas asthmatic subjects had significantly higher levels of FeNO (p = 0.006). Neither menopause nor BMI had a significant impact on FeNO levels.

Conclusion

Our explorative work indicates that FeNO levels are heterogeneously detected in the breath of BC patients in the absence of confounding effects and are associated with the clinical characteristics of the disease. More sensitive detection of exhaled NO and larger cohorts enriched with ER negative BC are needed to further explore the potential of NO in non-invasive detection of BC, either alone or in conjunction with other BC-related volatile markers, and extending the NO measurement to blood or tissues.

Abstract Image

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乳腺癌患者呼出气中一氧化氮分数的探索性检测。

背景：一氧化氮（NO）是一种具有多效性的气体信使，在包括乳腺癌（BC）在内的癌症中发挥着重要作用。考虑到NO在组织中的高渗透性和漏性，以及最近报道的肺癌患者呼出气体和血液中NO水平升高，我们从未来无创癌症检测的角度探讨BC患者呼出NO水平。患者和方法：采用先前为哮喘监测开发的广泛使用的基于护理点（POC）的系统，在192名BC和无恶性肿瘤对照患者的呼吸中检测呼出一氧化氮（FeNO）的分数水平。结果：与对照组相比，BC患者的FeNO水平较低，her2表达肿瘤的女性患者的FeNO水平最低。在单因素和多因素分析中，在调整了年龄、吸烟和哮喘因素后，这种差异并不显著。吸烟的影响无统计学意义，而哮喘患者的FeNO水平明显较高（p = 0.006）。绝经期和BMI对FeNO水平均无显著影响。结论：我们的探索性工作表明，在没有混杂效应的情况下，在BC患者的呼吸中检测到FeNO水平具有异质性，并且与疾病的临床特征相关。为了进一步探索NO在无创检测BC中的潜力，无论是单独检测还是与其他BC相关的挥发性标志物联合检测，并将NO测量扩展到血液或组织，需要更灵敏的呼出NO检测和更大的ER阴性BC富集队列。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.